Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology and Addiction

Sex- and Age-Stratified Differences in Antidepressant Response to Intranasal Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Secondary Analysis of the REAL-ESK Study

This secondary analysis of the REAL-ESK study (n=210) examined intranasal esketamine in people with treatment-resistant depression and found that depression scores fell over three months in routine care. Men had slightly better antidepressant outcomes than women overall, while safety and stopping rates were similar between sexes.

Published

June 25, 2026

Journal

Clinical Neuropsychopharmacology and Addiction

Authors

Persico, L., d'Andrea, G., Cavallotto, C., Panichella, S., Santeusanio, A., Di Tullio, A., D'Angola, M., Rosati, A., Inserra, A., Tamagnini, G., Di Puorto, C., Salvi, V., Tripodi, B., De Berardis, D., Martiadis, V., Piccirillo, M., Raffone, F., Vannucchi, T., Barra, A., Lupi, M., Miotti, L., Di Cesare, A., Pettorruso, M.