Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University

Nanfang Hospital (南方医院) is a Grade-A tertiary hospital affiliated with Southern Medical University, founded in 1941 in Guangzhou, China, with 3,601 beds and over 3.25 million outpatient visits annually, consistently ranked among China’s top 20 hospitals by Fudan University. The hospital’s Department of Anesthesiology has investigated the effects of low-dose esketamine on postoperative delirium prevention in high-risk elderly surgical patients in the ELEMENT trial, contributing to a growing body of Chinese RCT evidence on esketamine’s neuroprotective properties.