China

Reimbursed Care Access

China maintains a strict national drug-control regime: most classic psychedelics and novel/tryptamine derivatives are scheduled and only accessible in approved research or are prohibited, while ketamine (as an anaesthetic) remains an authorised medical drug in clinical settings. In recent years the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has approved a commercial esketamine nasal spray for specific psychiatric indications (with national regulation and local implementation requirements), but routine public-insurance reimbursement for psychedelic-assisted therapies is effectively absent and non‑approved compounds remain subject to criminal/administrative control.