MADRS

The Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is a 10-item clinician-rated diagnostic questionnaire used to measure the severity of depressive episodes. Developed by Stuart Montgomery and Marie Åsberg in 1979, it was designed to be especially sensitive to treatment-related changes in depression severity. Each item is scored on a 0–6 scale, with total scores ranging from 0 to 60. The MADRS assesses apparent sadness, reported sadness, inner tension, reduced sleep, reduced appetite, concentration difficulties, lassitude, inability to feel, pessimistic thoughts, and suicidal thoughts. It is one of the most commonly used primary endpoints in psychedelic depression trials, including landmark psilocybin studies by Compass Pathways and others. The MADRS is preferred over the HAM-D in many modern trials because of its greater sensitivity to change and reduced emphasis on somatic symptoms.