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Home/Research/LSD/Equity and Ethics

LSD for Equity and Ethics

25 papers and 0 clinical trials exploring lsd as a treatment for equity and ethics.

Compoundclassic psychedelic

LSD

LSD is a classic psychedelic ergoline with high potency at microgram doses and an 8-12 hour duration of action, mediated primarily via 5-HT2A receptor agonism. Modern Phase IIb data in generalised anxiety disorder and FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation for MM120 have reignited clinical development.

Full LSD profile
IndicationApproximately 1 in 4 adults experience mental health disorders annually worldwide.

Equity and Ethics

Equity and ethics in psychedelic research is a vital and complex topic, addressing the need for fair access and representation in clinical trials, as well as the stewardship of traditional knowledge. The involvement of Indigenous communities, who have historically used these substances, must be safeguarded against exploitation as the field matures.

Full Equity and Ethics profile

Academic Research

25 papers
Open Accessindividual

A Virtual Clinical Trial of Psychedelics to Treat Patients With Disorders of Consciousness

Using individualised whole‑brain computational modelling fitted to fMRI and diffusion MRI, the authors simulated administration of LSD and psilocybin and applied in silico perturbations to compare states of consciousness and assess treatment effects in disorders of consciousness. Simulated psychedelics shifted patients' brain dynamics closer to criticality—especially in the minimally conscious state—with responses in UWS linked to structural connectivity and in MCS to baseline functional connectivity, providing a computational rationale for psychedelic therapies and personalised prediction.

Published
November 20, 2025
Journal
Advanced Science
Authors
Alnagger, N. L., Cardone, P., Martial, C., Perl, Y. S., Mindlin, I., Sitt, J. D., Roseman, L., Carhart‐Harris, R., Nutt, D., Mallaroni, P., Mason, N., Ramaekers, J. G., Bonhomme, V., Laureys, S., Deco, G., Gosseries, O., Núñez, P., Annen, J.
Paywallindividual

The polypharmacology of psychedelics reveals multiple targets for potential therapeutics

This receptor profiling study (n=41 compounds) maps the pharmacological activity of classical psychedelics across 318 human G-protein-coupled receptors and, for LSD, over 450 human kinases. It finds that psychedelics act potently at nearly all serotonin, dopamine, and adrenergic receptors, with multiple 5-HT2A receptor signalling pathways linked to psychedelic effects in vivo.

Published
July 15, 2025
Journal
Neuron
Authors
Jain, M. K., Gumpper, R. H., Slocum, S. T., Gloriam, D. E., Nichols, D. E., Roth, B. L., Schmitz, G. P., Madsen, J. S., Tummino, T. A., Suomivuori, C. M., Huang, X. P., Shub, L., Diberto, J. F., Kim, K., Deleon, C., Krumm, B. E., Fay, J. F., Keiser, M., Hauser, A. S., Dror, R. O., Shoichet, B.
Paywallmeta

Adverse Events in Studies of Classic Psychedelics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta‑analysis of 214 studies (3,504 participants with analysable adverse‑event data) found that high‑dose classic psychedelics were generally well tolerated in clinical/research settings, with serious adverse events occurring mainly in ~4% of participants who had preexisting neuropsychiatric disorders and no reports in contemporary trials of suicide, persistent psychotic disorder or hallucinogen‑persisting perception disorder. Common non‑serious adverse events (headache, anxiety, nausea, fatigue, dizziness) had similar prevalences for psilocybin and LSD, but substantial heterogeneity and limited systematic adverse‑event monitoring across studies highlight the need for improved pharmacovigilance.

Published
December 1, 2024
Journal
JAMA Psychiatry
Authors
Hinkle, J. T., Graziosi, M., Nayak, S., Yaden, D. B.
Open Accessindividual

Single-dose 1cp-LSD administration for canine anxiety: a pilot study

This case study (n=1) finds that a single low dose of 5 µg (0.38µg/kg) of 1cp-LSD on a 13-year-old female dog with a history of separation-related behavioural problems significantly reduced anxiety after two hours. No adverse effects or signs of a psychedelic experience were observed during the 5.5-hour trial.

Published
September 17, 2024
Journal
Veterinary Research Communications
Authors
Alberto Henríquez-Hernández, L., Hernández-Álvarez, E., García-Serrano, I., Quintana-Hernández, D. J., Rojas-Hernández, J., Zumbado, M., Fernández-Borkel, T., Borkel, L. F.
Open Accessindividual

Psychedelics-assisted psychotherapy: Experiences with the limited medical use of LSD, MDMA, and psilocybin in Switzerland

This paper summarises Switzerland’s experience with limited medical use of LSD, MDMA and psilocybin since 2014—reporting over 1,000 exemption approvals and an estimated 2,000–3,000 treatments—and provides an overview of application procedures, indications, treatment settings and phases, plus recommendations on therapist training, ethics and quality assurance for integrating psychedelics‑assisted psychotherapy into clinical practice.

Published
February 15, 2024
Journal
Die Psychotherapie
Authors
Aicher, H. D., Schmid, Y., Gasser, P.
Paywallindividual

Neural complexity is increased after low doses of LSD, but not moderate to high doses of oral THC or methamphetamine

This re-analysis (n=73) investigates the effects of low doses of LSD (13-26µg; n=21), THC (7.5-15mg), and methamphetamine (MA; 10-20mg) on neural complexity in healthy volunteers without inducing altered states of consciousness. Utilizing a within-subjects design over three laboratory visits, the study records resting state EEG data to measure Lempel-Ziv complexity and spectral power. Results demonstrate that only LSD, not THC or MA, dose-dependently increases neural complexity and reduces delta and theta power, while THC and MA respectively decrease and increase alpha power, primarily in frontal regions.

Published
January 29, 2024
Journal
Neuropsychopharmacology
Authors
Murray, C., Frohlich, J, Haggarty, C. J., Tare, I., Lee, R., de Wit, H.

Clinical Trials

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