Effects of Low-dose Ketamine as an Adjunct to Propofol-based Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy

Randomised, parallel-group study comparing propofol induction with adjunct low-dose ketamine versus propofol with saline placebo in patients referred for ECT for major depressive disorder; total sample n=48.

Patients receive ECT up to three times per week for a maximum of 12 treatments; outcomes include depressive symptoms (MADRS), recovery characteristics, vital signs, and adverse events; an interim analysis after 14 patients could trigger dose escalation to 0.5 mg/kg.