Optimization of IV Ketamine for Treatment Resistant Depression

This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study evaluated single intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes) versus active comparator midazolam (0.045 mg/kg) in adults with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder to assess rapid antidepressant effects.

Participants remained in the study up to eight weeks depending on response; the acute intervention involved one infusion with two required overnight stays and follow-up assessments of depressive symptoms and safety.