Country GuideMedical AccessMedical Only (Private)

Country Access Report

Medical Access in Sudan

Sudan follows the UN drug-control framework and national narcotics legislation (Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1994), which criminalises classical psychedelics and most psychotropic schedules; however ketamine is widely used and available as an essential anaesthetic in Sudanese hospitals. There is no public evidence of national regulatory approvals or public reimbursement pathways for specialized psychedelic medicines (e.g., esketamine, psilocybin, MDMA) — access is either routine medical use for ketamine or otherwise limited to criminalised status or research contexts.

Access Level
Medical Only (Private)
Compounds Covered
10
Active Trials
0

How To Use This Guide

Read the access level as a starting point, then check the compound notes below. The practical question is whether a patient can move through a real pathway today, or whether access still depends on a trial, exception route, private-care model, or future reimbursement decision.

Available Today

Look for approved use, named specialist settings, eligibility rules, and whether care is routine or exceptional.

Research Or Exception

Separate clinical trials, special access, compassionate use, and unlicensed-medicine routes from routine medical availability.

Payment And Delivery

Check who pays, where care can happen, and whether trained teams, product supply, and site governance are in place.

Access By Compound

These notes separate what is available today from research, exceptional-access, private-care, and payment routes. When the guide has not verified a pathway, the compound stays marked as incomplete rather than treated as unavailable.

Compound Access

Psilocybin

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. [1]

Compound Access

MDMA

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. [1]

Compound Access

Esketamine

Not Approved / No Reimbursement

There is no public record of a national regulatory approval, listing, or public reimbursement pathway for esketamine (Spravato) in Sudan; specialized intranasal esketamine products authorized in high‑income jurisdictions are not documented as approved or reimbursed in Sudanese regulatory sources. Ketamine (the racemate) is used clinically in Sudan as an essential injectable anaesthetic, but esketamine as a registered antidepressant formulation has not been identified in Sudanese public drug listings or health‑system procurement sources. [No national approval found in public sources; see national narcotics law context and WHO essential medicines listing for ketamine]. [1] [2]

Compound Access

Ketamine

Off-label Medical (Widely Used as Anaesthetic)

Ketamine is a registered, widely used injectable anaesthetic in Sudan’s health system and is included on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines as an injectable anaesthetic agent; Sudanese clinical literature and hospital surveys document routine ketamine availability and use for anaesthesia and emergency/surgical care in Sudan. Public reimbursement or a formal national mental‑health indication pathway for ketamine as a depression treatment (including infusion-based psychiatric protocols) is not documented—use is primarily as an anaesthetic in public and private hospitals, with procurement and availability varying by facility and region. Clinical/regulatory details: ketamine’s inclusion on the WHO essential medicines list supports its use in surgical and emergency contexts but does not create a national psychiatric reimbursement pathway in Sudan. Examples of Sudanese clinical publications reporting ketamine use in operating rooms and anesthesia practice are available. [1] [2] [3]

Compound Access

DMT

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. (DMT is also listed under international psychotropic controls and Sudan implements national scheduling under its narcotics law.) [1]

Compound Access

5-MeO-DMT

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. [1]

Compound Access

Ibogaine

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. [1]

Compound Access

Ayahuasca

Strictly Illegal

Because ayahuasca preparations contain DMT (a scheduled psychotropic), ayahuasca is effectively treated as a controlled substance under Sudanese narcotics legislation with no authorised medical/religious exemption in public sources; therefore no legal medical access or reimbursement pathway exists outside approved clinical research. [1] [2]

Compound Access

Mescaline

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. [1]

Compound Access

2C-X

Strictly Illegal

Currently classified as a strictly controlled substance under national drug scheduling laws, with no authorized medical use outside of approved clinical research. (2C-series compounds are typically scheduled under national psychotropic substance controls; Sudan’s narcotics framework criminalises analogous synthetic psychedelics.) [1]

Sources and Review

Last updated 2 Mar 2026. Source links come from the medical access guide.

  1. 1A Cross-Sectional Study of Anesthesia Safety in Wad Medani, Sudan
  2. 2Case report: ketamine administration, Sudan Journal of Paediatrics, 2024
  3. 3International context on DMT/ayahuasca
  4. 4Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act (Sudan)
  5. 5WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (ketamine listed)