Safety & Risk ManagementPublic Health, Prevention & Behaviour ChangeLSDMDMAPsilocybin

A qualitative descriptive analysis of effects of psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamine

From in‑depth interviews with 39 adults who had used 36 different psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamines, the study characterised common subjective effects across compounds. 2C‑B was described favourably and likened to MDMA and LSD, NBOMe was generally viewed unfavourably, DOx were criticised for their excessive 12–36 hour duration, and 4‑AcO‑DMT was reported to mimic psilocybin, information useful for education and harm reduction.

Authors

  • Palamar, J. J.
  • Acosta, P.

Published

Human Psychopharmacology
individual Study

Abstract

Objective

The number of novel psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamines has continued to increase, but little academic research has focused on the effects of these substances. We sought to determine and compare the subjective effects of various substances.

Methods

We conducted in‐depth interviews with 39 adults (75.4% male and 87.2% White) who reported experience using psychedelic phenethylamines and/or tryptamines. Participants described the effects of compounds they have used. We examined the subjective drug effects in a qualitative descriptive manner.

Results

Participants reported on the use of 36 compounds. The majority (64.1%) reported the use of 2C series drugs, with 2C‐B use being most prevalent; 38.5% reported the use of NBOMe, and 25.6% reported the use of DOx. With regard to tryptamines, 46.2% reported use, and 4‐AcO‐DMT was the most prevalent drug used in this class. 2C‐B was often described as being more favorable than other 2C series compounds with the effects described as being comparable with MDMA and LSD. NBOMe effects were generally described in an unfavorable manner, and the effects of DOx were often described as lasting too long (12–36 hr). The effects of 4‐AcO‐DMT were often described as mimicking psilocybin.

Conclusion

Knowing the effects of various compounds can inform education, prevention, and harm reduction efforts regarding the use of these drugs.

Available with Blossom Pro

Research Summary of 'A qualitative descriptive analysis of effects of psychedelic phenethylamines and tryptamine'

Expert Research Summaries

Go Pro to access AI-powered section-by-section summaries, editorial takes, and the full research toolkit.

Study Details

References (8)

Papers cited by this study that are also in Blossom

DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Psilocybin

Geiger, H. A., Wurst, M. G., Daniels, R. N. · ACS Chemical Neuroscience (2018)

Acute Effects of the Novel Psychoactive Drug 2C-B on Emotions

González, D., Torrens, M., Farré, M. · BioMed Research International (2015)

56 cited
Heaven and Hell-A Phenomenological Study of Recreational Use of 4-HO-MET in Sweden

Kjellgren, A., Soussan, C. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2011)

52 cited
Acute pharmacological effects of 2C-B in humans: An observational study

Souza, D. C. D., Pérez, C., Papaseit, E. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

79 cited
Toxicities Associated With NBOMe Ingestion-A Novel Class of Potent Hallucinogens: A Review of the Literature

Suzuki, J., Dekker, M. A., Valenti, E. S. et al. · Psychosomatics (2014)

Recreational Use, Analysis and Toxicity of Tryptamines

Tittarelli, R., Mannocchi, G., Pantano, F. et al. · Current Neuropharmacology (2015)

Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): Prevalence, user characteristics and abuse liability in a large global sample

Winstock, A. R., Kaar, S., Borschmann, R. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2013)

89 cited

Cited By (4)

Papers in Blossom that reference this study

Evaluation of the peak experience scale as a rapid assessment tool for the strength of a psychoactive experience with 5-MeO-DMT

Reckweg, J. T., Mason, N. L., Theunissen, E. L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2025)

Assessment of the acute effects of 2C-B vs psilocybin on subjective experience, mood and cognition

Mallaroni, P., Mason, N. L., Reckweg, J. T. et al. · Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2023)

39 cited
Magic Mushroom Use: A Qualitative Interview Study of Post-Trip Impacts and Strategies for Optimizing Experiences

Shaw, L., Rea, K., Lachowsky, N. J. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

11 cited
Investigation of the Structure-Activity Relationships of Psilocybin Analogues

Klein, A. K., Chatha, M., Laskowski, L. J. et al. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

Your Personal Research Library

Go Pro to save papers, add notes, rate studies, and organize your research into custom shelves.