Anxiety DisordersPsilocybinPlacebo

Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance

This is one of the first (and key) double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (n=36) on psilocybin and its effect on 'healthy normals'. It shows that a high (30mg/70kg) dose can occasion mystical (peak) experiences (participants did already have a spiritual/religious practice beforehand). The experience is rated as personally meaningful. The participants exhibit positive mood (and lower anxiety) immediately and after two months.

Authors

  • Roland Griffiths
  • William Richards
  • Robert Jesse

Published

Journal of Psychopharmacology
individual Study

Abstract

Rationale

Although psilocybin has been used for centuries for religious purposes, little is known scientifically about its acute and persisting effects.

Objectives

This double-blind study evaluated the acute and longer-term psychological effects of a high dose of psilocybin relative to a comparison compound administered under comfortable, supportive conditions.Materials and methods The participants were hallucinogen-naïve adults reporting regular participation in religious or spiritual activities. Two or three sessions were conducted at 2-month intervals. Thirty volunteers received orally administered psilocybin (30 mg/70 kg) and methylphenidate hydrochloride (40 mg/70 kg) in counterbalanced order. To obscure the study design, six additional volunteers received methylphenidate in the first two sessions and unblinded psilocybin in a third session. The 8-h sessions were conducted individually. Volunteers were encouraged to close their eyes and direct their attention inward. Study monitors rated volunteers’ behavior during sessions. Volunteers completed questionnaires assessing drug effects and mystical experience immediately after and 2 months after sessions. Community observers rated changes in the volunteer’s attitudes and behavior.

Results

Psilocybin produced a range of acute perceptual changes, subjective experiences, and labile moods including anxiety. Psilocybin also increased measures of mystical experience. At 2 months, the volunteers rated the psilocybin experience as having substantial personal meaning and spiritual significance and attributed to the experience sustained positive changes in attitudes and behavior consistent with changes rated by community observers.

Conclusions

When administered under supportive conditions, psilocybin occasioned experiences similar to spontaneously occurring mystical experiences. The ability to occasion such experiences prospectively will allow rigorous scientific investigations of their causes and consequences.

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Research Summary of 'Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance'

Introduction

The extracted Introduction is brief. It identifies psilocybin as a naturally occurring tryptamine alkaloid whose actions are mediated primarily at serotonin 5-HT2A/C receptor sites and states that it is the principal psychoactive component of a genus of psychedelic mushrooms. The text establishes the pharmacological basis for studying psilocybin but the extraction truncates further contextual detail about prior empirical work and the specific gaps the study addresses. Using the available extraction, the study's aim can be inferred from later sections: to evaluate, under controlled and supportive conditions, whether a high dose of psilocybin can occasion acute mystical-type experiences and whether such experiences have persisting personal meaning, spiritual significance, and effects on attitudes and behaviour compared with an active control (methylphenidate).

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Study Details

References (8)

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Lawrence, D. W., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Griffiths, R. R. et al. · Research Square (2022)

Naturalistic use of psychedelics is related to emotional reactivity and self-consciousness: The mediating role of ego-dissolution and mystical experiences

Orłowski, P., Ruban, A., Szczypiński, J. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2022)

Using a MDMA- and LSD-Group Therapy Model in Clinical Practice in Switzerland and Highlighting the Treatment of Trauma-Related Disorders

Oehen, P., Gasser, P. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022)

A Single Belief-Changing Psychedelic Experience Is Associated With Increased Attribution of Consciousness to Living and Non-living Entities

Nayak, S., Griffiths, R. R. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

37 cited
Psilocybin-Assisted Compassion Focused Therapy for Depression

Pots, W., Chakhssi, F. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

Predictors and potentiators of psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences

Gandy, S. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2022)

Psilocybin-Induced Mystical-Type Experiences are Related to Persisting Positive Effects: A Quantitative and Qualitative Report

McCulloch, D. E-W., Madsen, M. K., Jensen, P. S. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)

79 cited
How Psychedelic-Assisted Treatment Works in the Bayesian Brain

Villiger, D. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022)

Drug-drug interactions between psychiatric medications and MDMA or psilocybin: a systematic review

Sarparast, A., Thomas, K., Malcolm, B. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2022)

Virtual Reality as a Moderator of Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy

Sekula, A. D., Downey, L., Puspanathan, P. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

19 cited
The clinical pharmacology and potential therapeutic applications of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT)

Reckweg, J., Uthaug, M. V., Szabo, A. et al. · Journal of Neurochemistry (2022)

Psychedelic use is associated with reduced daily opioid use among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Argento, E., Socias, M. E., Hayashi, K. et al. · International Journal of Drug Policy (2022)

The moderating role of mystical-type experiences on the relationship between existential isolation and meaning in life

Sielaff, A., Horner, D. E., Greenberg, J. · Personality and Individual Differences (2022)

Classic Psychedelic Drugs: Update on Biological Mechanisms

Vollenweider, F. X., Smallridge, J. W. · Pharmacopsychiatry (2022)

71 cited
Flashback phenomena after administration of LSD and psilocybin in controlled studies with healthy participants

Müller, F., Holze, F., Becker, A. M. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2022)

Human Cortical Serotonin 2A Receptor Occupancy by Psilocybin Measured Using [11C]MDL 100,907 Dynamic PET and a Resting-State fMRI-Based Brain Parcellation

Barrett, F. S., Zhou, Y., Carbonaro, T. M. et al. · Frontiers in Neuroergonomics (2022)

The Psychedelic Renaissance in Clinical Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Three Decades of Human Studies with Classical Psychedelics

Hadar, A., David, J., Shalit, N. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

MDMA/ecstasy use and psilocybin use are associated with lowered odds of psychological distress and suicidal thoughts in a sample of US adults

Jones, G. M., Nock, M. K. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2022)

Validation of the Psychological Insight Scale: A new scale to assess psychological insight following a psychedelic experience

Peill, J. M., Trinci, K. E., Kettner, H. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2022)

Human behavioral pharmacology of psychedelics

Strickland, J. C., Johnson, M. W. · Advances in Pharmacology (2022)

5 cited
Methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials: Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) - Rationale and study design

Mertens, L. J., Koslowski, M., Betzler, F. et al. · Neuroscience Applied (2022)

Psychedelic Therapy's Transdiagnostic Effects: A Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Perspective

Dursun, S. M., Kelly, J. R., Gillan, C. M. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Models of psychedelic drug action: modulation of cortical-subcortical circuits

Doss, M. K., Madden, M. B., Gaddis, A. et al. · Brain (2021)

Toward a positive psychology of psychoactive drug use

Arnaud, K. O. S. · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy (2021)

Great Expectations: Recommendations for improving the methodological rigor of psychedelic clinical trials

Aday, J. S., Heifets, B. D., Pratscher, S. D. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

Classic psychedelics in the treatment of substance use disorder: Potential synergies with twelve-step programs

Yaden, D. B., Berghella, A. P., Regier, P. S. et al. · International Journal of Drug Policy (2021)

41 cited
Examining Psychedelic-Induced Changes in Social Functioning and Connectedness in a Naturalistic Online Sample Using the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Nygart, V., Pommerencke, L. M., Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2021)

Acute effects of psilocybin after escitalopram or placebo pretreatment in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in healthy subjects

Becker, A. M., Holze, F., Grandinett, T. et al. · Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2021)

Psychedelic experience dose-dependently modulated by cannabis: results of a prospective online survey

Kuc, J., Kettner, H., Rosas, F. E. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

From Psychiatry to Neurology: Psychedelics as Prospective Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Nichols, C. D., Wiatr, K., Figiel, M. et al. · Journal of Neurochemistry (2021)

63 cited
Sub-acute and long-term effects of ayahuasca on mental health and well-being in healthy ceremony attendants: A replication study

van Oorsouw, K., Uthaug, M. V., Mason, N. L. et al. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2021)

17 cited
Classic Psychedelic Use and Mechanisms of Mental Health: Exploring the Mediating Roles of Spirituality and Emotion Processing on Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressed Mood, and Disordered Eating in a Community Sample

Lafrance, A., Strahan, E., Bird, B. M. et al. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2021)

19 cited
Persisting effects of ayahuasca on empathy, creative thinking, decentering, personality, and well-being

Kiraga, M. K., Mason, N. L., Uthaug, M. V. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

56 cited
Perspectives on psychedelic treatment and research in eating disorders: a web-based questionnaire study of people with eating disorders

Harding, F., Seynaeve, M., Keeler, J. et al. · Journal of Integrative Neuroscience (2021)

Novel Treatment Approaches for Substance Use Disorders: Therapeutic Use of Psychedelics and the Role of Psychotherapy

Johnson, M. W., Gründer, G., Betzler, F. et al. · Current Addiction Reports (2021)

Psychedelics, sociality, and human evolution

Rodríguez Arce, J. M., Winkelman, M. J. · Frontiers in Psychology (2021)

Do Psychedelics Change Beliefs?

McGovern, H., Leptourgos, P., Hutchinson, B. et al. · Psyarxiv (2021)

Attitudes and Beliefs about the Therapeutic Use of Psychedelic Drugs among Psychologists in the United States

Davis, A. K., Agin-Liebes, G. I., España, M. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2021)

Spiritual experiences in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: Case reports of communion with the divine, the departed, and saints in research using psilocybin for the treatment of alcohol dependence

Podrebarac, S. K., O'donnell, K. C., Mennenga, S. E. et al. · Spirituality in Clinical Practice (2021)

This Is Something That Changed My Life: A Qualitative Study of Patients' Experiences in a Clinical Trial of Ketamine Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorders

Mollaahmetoglu, O. M., Keeler, J., Ashbullby, K. J. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Effects of ayahuasca on personality: results of two randomized, placebo-controlled trials in healthy volunteers

Dos Santos, R. G., Rocha, J. M., Rossi, G. N. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Recreation and Realization: Reported Motivations of Use Among Persons Who Consume Psychedelics in Non-Clinical Settings

Dollar, C. B. · Qualitative Criminology (2021)

Associations between ayahuasca consumption in naturalistic settings and current alcohol and drug use: Results of a large international cross-sectional survey

Perkins, D., Opaleye, E. S., Simonová, H. et al. · Drug and Alcohol Review (2021)

Systematized Review of Psychotherapeutic Components of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy

Horton, D. M., Morrison, B., Schmidt, J. · American Journal of Psychotherapy (2021)

LSD, madness and healing: Mystical experiences as possible link between psychosis model and therapy model

Wießner, I., Falchi, M., Palhano-Fontes, F. et al. · Psychological Medicine (2021)

Naturalistic Entheogenics: Précis of Philosophy of Psychedelics

Letheby, C. · Psyarxiv (2021)

2 cited
Sustained, multifaceted improvements in mental well-being following psychedelic experiences in a prospective opportunity sample

Mans, K., Kettner, H., Erritzoe, D. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa

Rodan, S., Aouad, P., McGregor, I. S. et al. · OBM Neurobiology (2021)

Ayahuasca Improves Self-perception of Speech Performance in Subjects With Social Anxiety Disorder: A Pilot, Proof-of-Concept, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Dos Santos, R. G., Osório, F. L., Rocha, J. M. et al. · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (2021)

58 cited
Psychedelics as a Training Experience for Psychedelic Therapists: Drawing on History to Inform Current Practice

Nielson, E. M. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2021)

Psychedelics and health behaviour change

Teixeira, P. J., Johnson, M. W., Timmermann, C. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Future Directions for Clinical Psilocybin Research: The Relaxed Symptom Network

Lewis-Healey, E., Laukkonen, R., Van Elk, M. · Psyarxiv (2021)

1 cited
From hallucinations to synaesthesia: a circular inference account of unimodal and multimodal erroneous percepts in clinical and drug-induced psychosis

Leptourgos, P., Bouttier, V., Denève, S. et al. · Psyarxiv (2021)

12 cited
The Potential Role of Psychedelic Drugs in Mental Health Care of the Future

Gründer, G., Jungaberle, H., Gründer, G. · Pharmacopsychiatry (2021)

The epidemiology of mescaline use: Pattern of use, motivations for consumption, and perceived consequences, benefits, and acute and enduring subjective effects

Uthaug, M. V., Davis, A. K., Davis, D. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

49 cited
Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder

Davis, A. K., Barrett, F. S., May, D. G. et al. · JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

1015 cited
Effects of psilocybin microdosing on awe and aesthetic experiences: a preregistered field and lab-based study

Van Elk, M., Fejer, G., Lempe, P. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

42 cited
Influence of Context and Setting on the Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes of Ayahuasca Drinkers: Results of a Large International Survey

Perkins, D., Schubert, V., Simonová, H. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

45 cited
Effects of Ayahuasca on the Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotions in Naive Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot, Proof-of-Concept, Randomized Controlled Trial

Rocha, J. M., Rossi, G. N., de Lima Osório, F. et al. · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (2021)

37 cited
Spontaneous and deliberate creative cognition during and after psilocybin exposure

Mason, N. L., Kuypers, K. P. C., Reckweg, J. T. et al. · Translational Psychiatry (2021)

86 cited
A qualitative and quantitative account of patient’s experiences of ketamine and its antidepressant properties

Sumner, R. L., Chacko, E., Mcmillan, R. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

51 cited
Examining changes in personality following shamanic ceremonial use of ayahuasca

Weiss, B., Miller, J. D., Carter, N. T. et al. · Scientific Reports (2021)

53 cited
Psychedelic Harm Reduction and Integration: A Transtheoretical Model for Clinical Practice

Palhano-Fontes, F., Gorman, I., Nielson, E. M. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2021)

Baseline power of theta oscillations predicts mystical-type experiences induced by DMT in a natural setting

Tagliazucchi, E., Zamberlan, F., Cavanna, F. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Predicting Reactions to Psychedelic Drugs: A Systematic Review of States and Traits Related to Acute Drug Effects

Aday, J. S., Davis, A. K., Mitzkovitz, C. M. et al. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)

Psychedelic Experiences and Mindfulness are Associated with Improved Wellbeing

Qiu, T. T., Minda, J. P. · Psyarxiv (2021)

Dose-response relationships of psilocybin-induced subjective experiences in humans

Hirschfeld, T., Schmidt, T. T. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Optimal dosing for psilocybin pharmacotherapy: Considering weight-adjusted and fixed dosing approaches

Garcia-Romeu, A., Barrett, F. S., Carbonaro, T. M. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Neural and subjective effects of inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine in natural settings

Pallavicini, C., Cavanna, F., Zamberlan, F. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Trends in the Top-Cited Articles on Classic Psychedelics

Lawrence, D. W., Sharma, B., Griffiths, R. R. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2021)

Lasting effects of a single psilocybin dose on resting-state functional connectivity in healthy individuals

McCulloch, D. E-W., Madsen, M. K., Stenbæk, D. S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Within-treatment changes in a novel addiction treatment program using traditional Amazonian medicine

O'shaughnessy, D. M., Berlowitz, I., Rodd, R. et al. · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2021)

Positive expectations predict improved mental-health outcomes linked to psychedelic microdosing

Kaertner, L. S., Steinborn, M. B., Kettner, H. et al. · Scientific Reports (2021)

112 cited
Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants

Galvão-Coelho, N. L., Marx, W., Sinclair, J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

Narratives of the mystical among users of psychedelics

Pedersen, W., Copes, H., Gashi, L. · Acta Sociologica (2021)

Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD

Davis, A. K., Streeter Barrett, F., Griffiths, R. R. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

108 cited
Making “bad trips” good: How users of psychedelics narratively transform challenging trips into valuable experiences

Gashi, L., Sandberg, S., Pedersen, W. · International Journal of Drug Policy (2021)

Mystical-type experiences occasioned by ketamine mediate its impact on at-risk drinking: Results from a randomized, controlled trial

Rothberg, R. L., Azhari, N., Haug, N. A. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2020)

The Subjective Effects of Psychedelics Are Necessary for Their Enduring Therapeutic Effects

Yaden, D. B., Griffiths, R. R. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

Acute and subacute psychoactive effects of Kambô, the secretion of the Amazonian Giant Maki Frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor): retrospective reports

Schmidt, T. T., Reiche, S., Hage, L. T. et al. · Scientific Reports (2020)

9 cited
Psychedelics and Psychotherapy

Nayak, S., Johnson, M. W. · Pharmacopsychiatry (2020)

The History of Psychedelics in Psychiatry

Nichols, D. E., Walter, H. · Pharmacopsychiatry (2020)

The potential synergistic effects between psychedelic administration and nature contact for the improvement of mental health

Gandy, S., Forstmann, M., Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. · Health Psychology Open (2020)

Pivotal Mental States

Brouwer, A., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2020)

Therapeutic effects of classic serotonergic psychedelics: A systematic review of modern-era clinical studies

Andersen, K. A. A., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Nutt, D. J. et al. · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (2020)

Acute subjective effects in LSD- and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy

Schmid, Y., Gasser, P., Oehen, P. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2020)

72 cited
Brain serotonin 2A receptor binding predicts subjective temporal and mystical effects of psilocybin in healthy humans

Stenbæk, D. S., Madsen, M. K., Ozenne, B. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2020)

Serotonergic psychedelics LSD & psilocybin increase the fractal dimension of cortical brain activity in spatial and temporal domains

Varley, T. F., Carhart-Harris, R., Roseman, L. et al. · NeuroImage (2020)

Psychedelic drugs: neurobiology and potential for treatment of psychiatric disorders

Vollenweider, F. X., Preller, K. H. · Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2020)

P300-mediated modulations in self-other processing under psychedelic psilocybin are related to connectedness and changed meaning: A window into the self-other overlap

Smigielski, L., Kometer, M., Scheidegger, M. et al. · Human Brain Mapping (2020)

2 cited
Psychedelic science in post-COVID-19 psychiatry

Kelly, J. R., Crockett, M. T., Alexander, L. et al. · Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine (2020)

Psychedelics and virtual reality: parallels and applications

Aday, J. S., Davoli, C. C., Bloesch, E. K. · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2020)

Mystical Experiences in Retrospective Reports of First Times Using a Psychedelic in Finland

Kangaslampi, S., Hausen, A., Rauteenmaa, T. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

Subjective features of the psilocybin experience that may account for its self-administration by humans: a double-blind comparison of psilocybin and dextromethorphan

Carbonaro, T. M., Johnson, M. W., Griffiths, R. R. · Psychopharmacology (2020)

Updating the dynamic framework of thought: Creativity and psychedelics

Girn, M., Mills, C., Roseman, L. et al. · NeuroImage (2020)

Broadening Your Mind to Include Others: The relationship between serotonergic psychedelic experiences and maladaptive narcissism

Van Mulukom, V., Patterson, R. E., Van Elk, M. · Psychopharmacology (2020)

Compassionate use of psychedelics

Greif, A., Šurkala, M. · Medicine Health Care and Philosophy (2020)

Isness: Using Multi-Person VR to Design Peak Mystical Type Experiences Comparable to Psychedelics

Glowacki, D. R., Wonnacott, M. D., Freire, R. et al. · Association for Computing Machinery (2020)

32 cited
A single psilocybin dose is associated with long-term increased mindfulness, preceded by a proportional change in neocortical 5-HT2A receptor binding

Madsen, M. K., Fisher, P. M., Stenbæk, D. S. et al. · European Neuropsychopharmacology (2020)

Depression, Mindfulness, and Psilocybin: Possible Complementary Effects of Mindfulness Meditation and Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression. A Review

Heuschkel, K., Kuypers, K. P. C. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

63 cited
Experience of Music Used With Psychedelic Therapy: A Rapid Review and Implications

O'callaghan, C., Hubik, D. J., Psychiatry, M. et al. · Journal of Music Therapy (2020)

Long-term effects of psychedelic drugs: A systematic review

Aday, J. S., Mitzkovitz, C. M., Bloesch, E. K. et al. · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2020)

Use of Benefit Enhancement Strategies among 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) Users: Associations with Mystical, Challenging, and Enduring Effects

Lancelotta, R., Davis, A. K. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

Tripping on nothing: placebo psychedelics and contextual factors

Olson, J. A., Suissa-Rocheleau, L., Lifshitz, M. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2020)

Psychedelics and Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy

Reiff, C. M., Richman, E. E., Nemeroff, C. B. et al. · American Journal of Psychiatry (2020)

Rostral Anterior Cingulate Thickness Predicts the Emotional Psilocybin Experience

Lewis, C. R., Preller, K. H., Braden, B. B. et al. · Biomedicines (2020)

24 cited
Emotions and brain function are altered up to one month after a single high dose of psilocybin

Barrett, F. S., Doss, M. K., Sepeda, N. D. et al. · Scientific Reports (2020)

Acute effects of psilocybin on glutamate concentration levels, functional connectivity and subjective state

Mason, N. L., Feilding, A., Ramaekers, J. G. · European Neuropsychopharmacology (2020)

Reported effects of psychedelic use on those with low well-being given various emotional contexts

Mason, N. L., Dolder, P. C., Kuypers, K. P. C. · Drug Science Policy and Law (2020)

12 cited
Persisting Reductions in Cannabis, Opioid, and Stimulant Misuse After Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: An Online Survey

Garcia-Romeu, A., Davis, A. K., Griffiths, R. R. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

121 cited
Therapeutic Use of LSD in Psychiatry: A Systematic Review of Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trials

Fuentes, J. J., Fonseca, F., Elices, M. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer

Agin-Liebes, G. I., Malone, T., Yalch, M. M. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2020)

292 cited
Classic psychedelics as therapeutics for psychiatric disorders

Nichols, C. D., Hendricks, P. S. · Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience (2020)

Psilocybin-assisted therapy of major depressive disorder using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a therapeutic frame

Sloshower, J., Guss, J., Krause, R. et al. · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science (2020)

From Egoism to Ecoism: Psychedelics Increase Nature Relatedness in a State-Mediated and Context-Dependent Manner

Kettner, H., Gandy, S., Haijen, E. C. H. M. et al. · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2019)

131 cited
Prospective examination of synthetic 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine inhalation: effects on salivary IL-6, cortisol levels, affect, and non-judgment

Uthaug, M. V., Lancelotta, R., Szabo, A. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2019)

86 cited
Modulation of Social Cognition via Hallucinogens and “Entactogens”.

Preller, K. H., Vollenweider, F. X. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2019)

Embedding existential psychology within psychedelic science: reduced death anxiety as a mediator of the therapeutic effects of psychedelics.

Moreton, S. G., Szalla, L., Menzies, R. E. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2019)

47 cited
The Impact of Ayahuasca on Suicidality: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Araújo, D. B., Zeifman, R. J., Palhano-Fontes, F. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2019)

96 cited
Characterization and prediction of acute and sustained response to psychedelic psilocybin in a mindfulness group retreat

Smigielski, L., Kometer, M., Scheidegger, M. et al. · Scientific Reports (2019)

126 cited
Dynamical exploration of the repertoire of brain networks at rest is modulated by psilocybin

Lord, L. D., Expert, P., Atasoy, S. et al. · NeuroImage (2019)

183 cited
Exploring ayahuasca-assisted therapy for addiction: A qualitative analysis of preliminary findings among an Indigenous community in Canada

Argento, E., Capler, R., Thomas, G. et al. · Drug and Alcohol Review (2019)

72 cited
Psilocybin-assisted mindfulness training modulates self-consciousness and brain default mode network connectivity with lasting effects

Smigielski, L., Scheidegger, M., Kometer, M. et al. · NeuroImage (2019)

Emotional breakthrough and psychedelics: validation of the emotional breakthrough inventory

Roseman, L., Haijen, E. C. H. M., Idialu-Ikato, K. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2019)

REBUS and the Anarchic Brain: Toward a Unified Model of the Brain Action of Psychedelics

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Friston, K. J. · Pharmacological Reviews (2019)

Replication and extension of a model predicting response to psilocybin

Russ, S. L., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Maruyama, G. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2019)

55 cited
Cessation and reduction in alcohol consumption and misuse after psychedelic use

Garcia-Romeu, A., Davis, A. K., Fire Erowid et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2019)

211 cited
Classic psychedelics: An integrative review of epidemiology, therapeutics, mystical experience, and brain network function

Johnson, M. W., Hendricks, P. S., Barrett, F. S. et al. · Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2019)

Survey of subjective “God encounter experiences”: Comparisons among naturally occurring experiences and those occasioned by the classic psychedelics psilocybin, LSD, ayahuasca, or DMT

Griffiths, R. R., Hurwitz, E. S., Davis, A. K. et al. · PLOS ONE (2019)

171 cited
Psychedelics as a treatment for disorders of consciousness

Scott, G., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Neuroscience of Consciousness (2019)

Chronic, Intermittent Microdoses of the Psychedelic N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Produce Positive Effects on Mood and Anxiety in Rodents

Cameron, L. P., Benson, C. J., Defelice, B. C. et al. · ACS Chemical Neuroscience (2019)

5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used in a naturalistic group setting is associated with unintended improvements in depression and anxiety

Davis, A. K., So, S., Lancelotta, R. et al. · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (2019)

113 cited
Psychedelics and dying care: A historical look at the relationship between psychedelics and palliative care

Dyck, E. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2019)

States and traits related to the quality and consequences of psychedelic experiences

Russ, S. L., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Maruyama, G. et al. · Psychology of Consciousness Theory Research and Practice (2019)

Sub-Acute Effects of Psilocybin on Empathy, Creative Thinking, and Subjective Well-Being

Mason, N. L., Mischler, E., Uthaug, M. V. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2019)

136 cited
A systematic study of microdosing psychedelics

Polito, V., Stevenson, R. J. · PLOS ONE (2019)

197 cited
Trait Openness and serotonin 2A receptors in healthy volunteers: A positron emission tomography study

Stenbæk, D. S., Kristiansen, S., Burmester, D. et al. · Human Brain Mapping (2019)

9 cited
How do psychedelics work?

Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Current Opinion in Psychiatry (2019)

Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study

Barsuglia, J. P., Davis, A. K., Palmer, R. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

Current perspectives on psychedelic therapy: use of serotonergic hallucinogens in clinical interventions

Richards, W. A., Garcia-Romeu, A. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

Predicting responses to psychedelics: a prospective study

Haijen, E. C. H. M., Kaelen, M., Roseman, L. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

339 cited
Increased amygdala responses to emotional faces after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Roseman, L., Demetriou, L., Wall, M. B. et al. · Neuropharmacology (2018)

Exploring the effect of microdosing psychedelics on creativity in an open-label natural setting

Prochazkova, L., Lippelt, D. P., Colzato, L. S. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2018)

More realistic forecasting of future life events after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Lyons, T., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

49 cited
Awe: a putative mechanism underlying the effects of classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy

Hendricks, P. S. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

143 cited
Psychedelics and music: neuroscience and therapeutic implications

Barrett, F. S., Preller, K. H., Kaelen, M. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

Psychedelics, meditation, and self-consciousness

Milliere, R., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

DMT models the near-death experience

Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Williams, L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

Therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer-related psychiatric distress

Ross, S. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

Double-blind comparison of the two hallucinogens psilocybin and dextromethorphan: effects on cognition

Barrett, F. S., Carbonaro, T. M., Hurwitz, E. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2018)

78 cited
A Gratuitous Grace: The Influence of Religious Set and Intent on the Psychedelic Experience

Neitzke-Spruill, L., Glasser, C. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2018)

A Mixed-Method Analysis of Persisting Effects Associated with Positive Outcomes Following Ibogaine Detoxification

Davis, A. K., Renn, E., Windham-Herman, A. M. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2018)

Positive psychology in the investigation of psychedelics and entactogens: A critical review

Jungaberle, H., Thal, S., Zeuch, A. et al. · Neuropharmacology (2018)

High dose psilocybin is associated with positive subjective effects in healthy volunteers

Nicholas, C. R., Henriquez, K. M., Gassman, M. C. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2018)

61 cited
Psychedelic therapy for smoking cessation: Qualitative analysis of participant accounts

Noorani, T., Garcia-Romeu, A., Swift, T. C. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2018)

Effects of psilocybin therapy on personality structure

Erritzoe, D., Roseman, L., Nour, M. R. et al. · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (2018)

219 cited
Psychedelics promote structural and functional neural plasticity

Ly, C., Greb, A. C., Cameron, L. P. et al. · Cell Reports (2018)

A phenomenological investigation into the lived experience of ibogaine and its potential to treat opioid use disorders

Camlin, T. J., Eulert, D., Horvath, A. T. et al. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2018)

The epidemiology of 5-methoxy- N, N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) use: Benefits, consequences, patterns of use, subjective effects, and reasons for consumption

Davis, A. K., Barsuglia, J. P., Lancelotta, R. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2018)

The Use of Salvia divinorum from a Mazatec Perspective

Maqueda, A. E. · Plant Medicines Healing and Psychedelic Science (2018)

Acute pharmacological effects of 2C-B in humans: An observational study

Souza, D. C. D., Pérez, C., Papaseit, E. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

79 cited
The Meaning-Enhancing Properties of Psychedelics and Their Mediator Role in Psychedelic Therapy, Spirituality, and Creativity

Hartogsohn, I. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2018)

Employing Synergistic Interactions of Virtual Reality and Psychedelics in Neuropsychopharmacology

Moroz, M., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · IEEE Explore (2018)

6 cited
Neuroendocrine Associations Underlying the Persistent Therapeutic Effects of Classic Serotonergic Psychedelics

Schindler, E. A. D., Wallace, R. M., Sloshower, J. A. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

The psychedelic debriefing in alcohol dependence treatment: illustrating key change phenomena through qualitative content analysis of clinical sessions

Kraehenmann, R., Nielson, E. M., May, D. G. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Serotonergic psychedelics and personality: A systematic review of contemporary research

Bouso, J. C., Dos Santos, R. G., Hallak, J. E. · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2018)

Serotonergic hallucinogens in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients suffering from a life-threatening disease: A systematic review

Reiche, S., Hermle, L., Gutwinski, S. et al. · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (2018)

The hidden therapist: evidence for a central role of music in psychedelic therapy

Kaelen, M., Giribaldi, B., Raine, J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2018)

213 cited
Psychedelics and the essential importance of context

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L., Haijen, E. C. H. M. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2018)

The Experience Elicited by Hallucinogens Presents the Highest Similarity to Dreaming within a Large Database of Psychoactive Substance Reports

Sanz, C., Zamberlan, F., Erowid, E. et al. · Frontiers in Neuroscience (2018)

Quality of acute psychedelic experience predicts therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Roseman, L., Nutt, D. J., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Psychiatry & the psychedelic drugs. Past, present & future

Rucker, J., Iliff, J., Nutt, D. J. · Neuropharmacology (2017)

Well-being, problematic alcohol consumption and acute subjective drug effects in past-year ayahuasca users: a large, international, self-selecting online survey

Lawn, W., Hallak, J. E., Crippa, J. A. et al. · Scientific Reports (2017)

Double-blind comparison of the two hallucinogens psilocybin and dextromethorphan: similarities and differences in subjective experiences

Carbonaro, T. M., Hurwitz, E., Johnson, M. W. · Psychopharmacology (2017)

102 cited
A phenomenological analysis of the subjective experience elicited by ibogaine in the context of a drug dependence treatment

Schenberg, E. E., de Castro Comis, M. A., Alexandre, J. F. M. et al. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2017)

35 cited
Psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience in combination with meditation and other spiritual practices produces enduring positive changes in psychological functioning and in trait measures of prosocial attitudes and behaviors

Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W., Richards, W. A. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2017)

393 cited
Short term changes in the proteome of human cerebral organoids induced by 5-MeO-DMT

Dakic, V., Nascimento, J. M., Sartore, R. C. et al. · Scientific Reports (2017)

112 cited
Neuroticism is associated with challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms

Barrett, F. S., Johnson, M. W., Griffiths, R. R. · Personality and Individual Differences (2017)

78 cited
The Mechanisms of Psychedelic Visionary Experiences: Hypotheses from Evolutionary Psychology

Winkelman, M. J. · Frontiers in Neuroscience (2017)

Psychedelic Drugs in Biomedicine

Kyzar, E. J., Nichols, C. D., Gainetdinov, R. R. et al. · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (2017)

Does psychedelic drug use reduce risk of suicidality? Evidence from a longitudinal community-based cohort of marginalised women in a Canadian setting

Argento, E., Strathdee, S. A., Tupper, K. et al. · BMJ Open (2017)

48 cited
Long-lasting subjective effects of LSD in normal subjects

Schmid, Y., Liechti, M. E. · Psychopharmacology (2017)

Psychedelic pleasures: An affective understanding of the joys of tripping

Bøhling, F. · International Journal of Drug Policy (2017)

Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Nutt, D. J. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2017)

Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca

Viol, A., Palhano-Fontes, F., Onias, H. et al. · Scientific Reports (2017)

Psychedelics and connectedness

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Erritzoe, D., Haijen, E. C. H. M. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2017)

Psychedelic drug use in healthy individuals: A review of benefits, costs, and implications for drug policy

Elsey, J. W. B. · Drug Science Policy and Law (2017)

Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

Phelps, J. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2017)

Effects of LSD on music-evoked brain activity

Kaelen, M., Lorenz, R., Barrett, F. S. et al. · Biorxiv (2017)

Therapeutic effect of increased openness: investigating mechanism of action in MDMA-assisted psychotherapy

Wagner, M. T., Mithoefer, M. C., Mithoefer, A. T. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2017)

147 cited
Lifetime experience with (classic) psychedelics predicts pro-environmental behavior through an increase in nature relatedness

Forstmann, M., Sagioglou, C. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2017)

134 cited
Cancer at the dinner table: experiences of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of cancer-related distress

Swift, T. C., Belser, A. B., Agin-Liebes, G. et al. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2017)

130 cited
Assessing the psychedelic “after-glow” in ayahuasca users: post-acute neurometabolic and functional connectivity changes are associated with enhanced mindfulness capacities

Sampedro, F., de la Fuente Revenga, M., Valle, M. et al. · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (2017)

Looking for the Self: Phenomenology, Neurophysiology and Philosophical Significance of Drug-induced Ego Dissolution

Millière, R. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2017)

Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A Review of a Novel Treatment for Psychiatric Disorders

Thomas, K., Malcolm, B., Lastra, D. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2017)

Patient Experiences of Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

Belser, A. B., Agin-Liebes, G. I., Swift, T. C. et al. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2017)

The therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs: past, present, and future

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Goodwin, G. M. · Neuropsychopharmacology (2017)

The psychological and human brain effects of music in combination with psychedelic drugs

Kaelen, M. · Imperial College London (2017)

Tripping up addiction: the use of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of problematic drug and alcohol use

Morgan, C. J. A., McAndrew, A., Stevens, T. et al. · Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences (2017)

An online survey of tobacco smoking cessation associated with naturalistic psychedelic use

Johnson, M. W., Garcia-Romeu, A., Johnson, P. S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2017)

117 cited
Constructing drug effects: a history of set and setting

Hartogsohn, I. · Drug Science Policy and Law (2017)

389 cited
The Effects of Hallucinogens on Gene Expression

Martin, D. A., Nichols, C. D., Nichols, Á. C. D. · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences (2017)

Phenomenology, Structure, and Dynamic of Psychedelic States

Preller, K. H., Vollenweider, F. X. · Behavioral Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs (2016)

Classical hallucinogens and neuroimaging: A systematic review of human studies: hallucinogens and neuroimaging

Dos Santos, R. G., Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. et al. · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2016)

Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer

Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: A randomized controlled trial

Ross, S., Bossis, A. P., Guss, J. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

The Challenging Experience Questionnaire: Characterization of challenging experiences with psilocybin mushrooms

Barrett, F. S., Bradstreet, M. P., Leoutsakos, J. M. S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar mood disorders: a systematic review

Rucker, J., Young, A. H., Jelen, L. A. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

Set and setting, psychedelics and the placebo response: An extra-pharmacological perspective on psychopharmacology

Hartogsohn, I. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

Psychedelics as Medicines: An Emerging New Paradigm

Nichols, C. D., Nichols, D. E., Johnson, M. W. · Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2016)

Of Roots and Fruits A Comparison of Psychedelic and Nonpsychedelic Mystical Experiences

Yaden, D. B., Le Nguyen, K. D., Kern, M. L. et al. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2016)

90 cited
The Associations of Naturalistic Classic Psychedelic Use, Mystical Experience, and Creative Problem Solving

Sweat, N. W., Bates, L. W., Hendricks, P. S. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2016)

Alterations of consciousness and mystical-type experiences after acute LSD in humans

Liechti, M. E., Dolder, P. C., Schmid, Y. · Psychopharmacology (2016)

190 cited
Survey study of challenging experiences after ingesting psilocybin mushrooms: Acute and enduring positive and negative consequences

Carbonaro, T. M., Bradstreet, M. P., Barrett, F. S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

Psilocybin for treating substance use disorders?

de Veen, B. T. H., Schellekens, A., Verheij, M. M. et al. · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics (2016)

Clinical Applications of Hallucinogens: A Review

Garcia-Romeu, A., Kersgaard, B., Addy, P. H. · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (2016)

174 cited
Receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive tryptamines compared with classic hallucinogens

Rickli, A., Moning, O. D., Hoener, M. C. et al. · European Neuropsychopharmacology (2016)

Measuring the subjective: revisiting the psychometric properties of three rating scales that assess the acute effects of hallucinogens

Bouso, J. C., Pedrero-Pérez, E. J., Gandy, S. · Human Psychopharmacology (2016)

42 cited
Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation

Johnson, M. W., Garcia-Romeu, A., Griffiths, R. R. · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse (2016)

562 cited
Ayahuasca enhances creative divergent thinking while decreasing conventional convergent thinking

Kuypers, K. P. C., Riba, &. J., De La Fuente Revenga, &. M. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2016)

A Public-Health-Based Vision for the Management and Regulation of Psychedelics

Haden, M., Emerson, B., Tupper, K. W. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2016)

28 cited
LSD acutely impairs fear recognition and enhances emotional empathy and sociality

Dolder, P. C., Schmid, Y., Müller, F. et al. · Neuropsychopharmacology (2016)

LSD-induced entropic brain activity predicts subsequent personality change

Lebedev, A. V., Kaelen, M., L€ Ovd En, M. et al. · Human Brain Mapping (2016)

292 cited
Hallucinogen use and intimate partner violence: Prospective evidence consistent with protective effects among men with histories of problematic substance use

Walsh, Z., Hendricks, P. S., Smith, S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2016)

58 cited
Psychedelics

Nichols, D. E. · Pharmacological Reviews (2016)

Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years

Dos Santos, R. G., Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. et al. · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2016)

248 cited
Antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of ayahuasca: a systematic literature review of animal and human studies

Dos Santos, R. G., Osório, F. L., Crippa, J. A. et al. · brazilian Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

130 cited
The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Kaelen, M., Bolstridge, M. et al. · Psychological Medicine (2016)

253 cited
New World Tryptamine Hallucinogens and the Neuroscience of Ayahuasca

McKenna, D., Riba, J. · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences (2016)

Serotonergic Hallucinogen-Induced Visual Perceptual Alterations

Kometer, M., Vollenweider, F. X. · Behavioral Neurobiology of Psychedelic Drugs (2016)

Receptor interaction profiles of novel N-2-methoxybenzyl (NBOMe) derivatives of 2,5-dimethoxy-substituted phenethylamines (2C drugs)

Rickli, A., Luethi, D., Reinisch, J. et al. · Neuropharmacology (2015)

Validation of the revised Mystical Experience Questionnaire in experimental sessions with psilocybin

Barrett, F. S., Johnson, M. W., Griffiths, R. R. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015)

Acute effects of lysergic acid diethylamide in healthy subjects

Schmid, Y., Enzler, F., Gasser, P. et al. · Biological Psychiatry (2015)

LSD enhances the emotional response to music

Kaelen, M., Barrett, F. S., Roseman, L. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2015)

Psilocybin-induced spiritual experiences and insightfulness are associated with synchronization of neuronal oscillations

Kometer, M., Pokorny, T., Seifritz, E. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2015)

Salvinorin-A induces intense dissociative effects, blocking external sensory perception and modulating interoception and sense of body ownership in humans

Maqueda, A. E., Valle, M., Addy, P. H. et al. · International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (2015)

Underground MDMA-, LSD-and 2-CB-assisted individual and group psychotherapy in Zurich: Outcomes, implications and commentary

Sessa, B., Fischer, F. M. · Drug Science Policy and Law (2015)

21 cited
Psilocybin-occasioned mystical experiences in the treatment of tobacco addiction

Garcia-Romeu, A., Griffiths, R. R., Johnson, M. W. · Current Drug Abuse Reviews (2015)

Peak experiences and the afterglow phenomenon: when and how do therapeutic effects of hallucinogens depend on psychedelic experiences

Majic, T., Schmidt, T. T., Gallinat, J. · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology (2015)

A qualitative report on the subjective experience of intravenous psilocybin administered in an FMRI environment

Nutt, D. J., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Current Drug Abuse Reviews (2015)

50 cited
Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population

Hendricks, P. S., Thorne, C. B., Clark, B. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015)

345 cited
Psilocybin-assisted treatment for alcohol dependence: a proof-of-concept study

Bogenschutz, M. P., Forcehimes, A. A., Pommy, J. A. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2015)

LSD-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with a life-threatening disease: a qualitative study of acute and sustained subjective effects

Kirchner, K. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2014)

389 cited
Pilot study of the 5-HT2AR agonist psilocybin in the treatment of tobacco addiction

Johnson, M. W., Garcia-Romeu, A., Cosimano, M. P. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2014)

Recent advances in the neuropsychopharmacology of serotonergic hallucinogens

Halberstadt, A. L. · Behavioural Brain Research (2014)

Safety and efficacy of lysergic acid diethylamide-assisted psychotherapy for anxiety associated with life-threatening diseases

Gasser, P., Holstein, D., Michel, Y. et al. · Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (2014)

594 cited
Classical hallucinogens as antidepressants? A review of pharmacodynamics and putative clinical roles

Tracy, D., Baumeister, D., Barnes, G. et al. · Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology (2014)

Self-Experimentations with Psychedelics Among Mental Health Professionals: LSD in the Former Czechoslovakia

Winkler, P., Csémy, L. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2014)

The entropic brain: a theory of conscious states informed by neuroimaging research with psychedelic drugs

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Leech, R., Shanahan, M. et al. · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (2014)

Therapeutic infusions of ketamine: do the psychoactive effects matter?

Dakwar, E., Anerella, C., Hart, C. L. et al. · Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2014)

Hallucinogen use predicts reduced recidivism among substance-involved offenders under community corrections supervision

Hendricks, P. S., Clark, B., Johnson, M. W. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2014)

89 cited
Broadband Cortical Desynchronization Underlies the Human Psychedelic State

Muthukumaraswamy, S. D., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Moran, R. J. et al. · Journal of Neuroscience (2013)

427 cited
Psychiatry’s next top model: cause for a re-think on drug models of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Brugger, S., Nutt, D. J. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2013)

Effects of Schedule I drug laws on neuroscience research and treatment innovation

King, C., Nichols, D. E. · Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2013)

Ayahuasca-assisted therapy for addiction: results from a preliminary observational study in Canada

Thomas, G., Lucas, P., Rielle Capler, N. et al. · Current Drug Abuse Reviews (2013)

Ibogaine in the treatment of substance dependence

Brown, T. K. · Current Drug Abuse Reviews (2013)

Peak Experiences of Psilocybin Users and Non-Users

Cummins, C., Lyke, J. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2013)

17 cited
Studying the Effects of Classic Hallucinogens in the Treatment of Alcoholism: Rationale, Methodology, and Current Research with Psilocybin

Bogenschutz, M. P. · Current Drug Abuse Reviews (2013)

Factor analysis of the mystical experience questionnaire: A study of experiences occasioned by the hallucinogen psilocybin

MacLean, K. A., Leoutsakos, J. S., Johnson, M. W. et al. · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion (2012)

350 cited
Durability of improvement in post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and absence of harmful effects or drug dependency after 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy: a prospective long-term follow-up study

Mithoefer, M. C., Wagner, M. T., Mithoefer, A. T. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2012)

346 cited
Dose-related effects of salvinorin A in humans: dissociative, hallucinogenic, and memory effects

Maclean, K. A., Johnson, M. W., Reissig, C. J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2012)

Functional connectivity measures after psilocybin inform a novel hypothesis of early psychosis

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Leech, R., Erritzoe, D. et al. · Schizophrenia Bulletin (2012)

241 cited
Animal models of serotonergic psychedelics

Hanks, J. B., González-Maeso, J. · ACS Chemical Neuroscience (2012)

Health status of ayahuasca users

Barbosa, P., Mizumoto, S., Bogenschutz, M. P. et al. · Drug Testing and Analysis (2012)

Therapeutic mechanisms of classic hallucinogens in the treatment of addictions: from indirect evidence to testable hypotheses

Bogenschutz, M. P., Pommy, J. A. · Drug Testing and Analysis (2012)

Psilocybin dose-dependently causes delayed, transient headaches in healthy volunteers

Johnson, M. W., Sewell, R. A., Griffiths, R. R. · Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2012)

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcoholism: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Krebs, T. S., Johansen, P. Ø. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2012)

Drugs as instruments: A new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use

Schumann, G., Müller, C. P. · Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Mystical experiences occasioned by the hallucinogen psilocybin lead to increases in the personality domain of openness

Maclean, K. A., Johnson, M. W., Griffiths, R. R. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2011)

Human psychopharmacology and dose-effects of salvinorin A, a kappa opioid agonist hallucinogen present in the plant Salvia divinorum

Johnson, M. W., Maclean, K. A., Reissig, C. J. et al. · Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2011)

132 cited
Harm potential of magic mushroom use: A review

Van Amsterdam, J., Opperhuizen, A., Van Den Brink, W. · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology (2011)

169 cited
Multiple receptors contribute to the behavioral effects of indoleamine hallucinogens

Halberstadt, A. L., Geyer, M. A. · Neuropharmacology (2011)

Investigating the Mechanisms of Hallucinogen-Induced Visions Using 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA): A Randomized Controlled Trial in Humans

Baggott, M. J., Siegrist, J. D., Galloway, G. P. et al. · PLOS ONE (2010)

Acute, subacute and long-term subjective effects of psilocybin in healthy humans: a pooled analysis of experimental studies

Studerus, E., Kometer, M., Hasler, F. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2010)

423 cited
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT): Subjective effects and patterns of use among Australian recreational users

Cakic, V., Potkonyak, J., Marshall, A. · Drug and Alcohol Dependence (2010)

67 cited
Psychometric evaluation of the altered states of consciousness rating scale (OAV)

Studerus, E., Gamma, A., Vollenweider, F. X. · PLOS ONE (2010)

The neurobiology of psychedelic drugs: implications for the treatment of mood disorders

Vollenweider, F. X., Kometer, M. · Nature Reviews Neuroscience (2010)

User perceptions of the benefits and harms of hallucinogenic drug use: A web-based questionnaire study

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Nutt, D. J. · Journal of Substance Use (2010)

Serotonin and serotonin receptors in hallucinogen action

Halberstadt, A. L., Nicholas, C. R. · Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience (2010)

The administration of psilocybin to healthy, hallucinogen-experienced volunteers in a mock-functional magnetic resonance imaging environment: a preliminary investigation of tolerability

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Williams, T. M., Sessa, B. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2010)

Hallucinogens as discriminative stimuli in animals: LSD, phenethylamines, and tryptamines

Winter, J. C. · Psychopharmacology (2008)

63 cited
Human hallucinogen research: guidelines for safety

Johnson, M. W., Richards, W. A., Griffiths, R. R. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2008)

Is it time to revisit the role of psychedelic drugs in enhancing human creativity?

Sessa, B. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2008)

Psilocybin links binocular rivalry switch rate to attention and subjective arousal levels in humans

Carter, O. L., Hasler, F. ;., Pettigrew, J. D. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2007)

The behavioral pharmacology of hallucinogens

Fantegrossi, W. E., Murnane, K. S., Reissig, C. J. · Biochemical Pharmacology (2007)

A brief survey of drug use and other activities preceding mystical-religious experiences

Baggot, M. J. · International Journal for the Psychology of Religion (2000)

71 cited

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