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Home/Research/Psilocybin/Neurological Injury

Psilocybin for Neurological Injury

6 papers and 4 clinical trials exploring psilocybin as a treatment for neurological injury.

CompoundClassic Psychedelic

Psilocybin

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring tryptamine psychedelic that acts as a prodrug to psilocin, a potent 5-HT2A receptor agonist. It is the furthest advanced psychedelic in clinical development, with two positive Phase III trials in treatment-resistant depression and expanding regulated access in Australia, Germany, and US states.

Full Psilocybin profile
IndicationApproximately 15 million individuals experience a stroke annually, while traumatic brain injuries occur in around 69 million people worldwide each year.

Neurological Injury

Neurological injury encompasses various forms of brain damage resulting from trauma, strokes, or other factors, leading to significant functional impairment. Recent research into psychedelic compounds presents promising avenues for innovative therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing recovery and alleviating associated psychological conditions such as PTSD and depression.

Full Neurological Injury profile

Academic Research

6 papers
Open Accessindividual

Improved mental health outcomes and normalised spontaneous EEG activity in veterans reporting a history of traumatic brain injuries following participation in a psilocybin retreat

In a preliminary uncontrolled study of 21 veterans with traumatic brain injury, participation in two psilocybin retreat ceremonies was associated with large reductions in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms and with EEG changes (reduced frontal/temporal delta–theta power and increased alpha–beta coherence) consistent with improved emotional regulation and neural communication. These findings suggest psilocybin retreats may improve psychological wellbeing and brain connectivity in veterans with TBI and warrant larger, controlled trials.

Published
August 6, 2025
Journal
Frontiers in Psychiatry
Authors
Blest-Hopley, G., Pasculli, G., Ruffell, S. G. D., Tsang, WF., Emmanuel, O., Pate, K. M., Kettner, H., Roseman, L., Erritzoe, D., Carhart-Harris, R. L.
Open Accessindividual

Exploring the Therapeutic Effects of Psychedelics Administered to Military Veterans in Naturalistic Retreat Settings

Veterans attending naturalistic psilocybin or ayahuasca retreats showed significant improvements across eight mental‑health and reintegration measures, with the largest reductions in depression (PHQ‑9, 29.1%) and PTSD (PCL‑5, 26.1%). Psilocybin retreats produced greater gains on most outcomes while ayahuasca yielded slightly larger PTSD improvement; those with worse baseline symptoms benefited most, with some gender-specific differences.

Published
July 7, 2025
Journal
Brain and Behavior
Authors
Calnan, M., Blest-Hopley, G., Busch, C., Adams, M., Ruffell, S. G. D., Piper, T., Roseman, L., Kettner, H., Carhart-Harris, R.
Open Accessindividual

Beliefs and Perceived Barriers Regarding Psychedelic-assisted Therapy in a Pilot Study of Service Members and Veterans With a History of Traumatic Brain Injury

In a pilot sample of 21 service members and veterans with traumatic brain injury, brief psychoeducation significantly increased positive attitudes and interest in psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), and most participants supported PAT availability in medical settings if proven beneficial. Participants nonetheless expressed health concerns (long-term effects, losing their mind, personality changes) and logistical barriers (time, transport, cost), indicating the need for targeted education, command support and practical facilitation to ensure access if PAT is approved.

Published
December 24, 2022
Journal
Military Medicine
Authors
Gray, J. C., Murphy, M., Carter, S. E., Johnson, M. W., Wolfgang, A. S., Ro, M. J., Maples-Keller, J. L.
Open Accessmeta

From Psychiatry to Neurology: Psychedelics as Prospective Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders

This review evaluates preclinical and early clinical evidence that psychedelic tryptamines, particularly psilocybin, could be repurposed from psychiatry to neurology as prospective therapeutics for brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders. It highlights findings that psychedelics promote neuroplasticity, synaptogenesis and neural progenitor proliferation and reduce pro‑inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL‑1β, IL‑6, TNF‑α), while emphasising that the precise molecular mechanisms and neural–glial interactions remain to be determined.

Published
October 22, 2021
Journal
Journal of Neurochemistry
Authors
Nichols, C. D., Wiatr, K., Figiel, M., Kozłowska, U.
Open Accessindividual

Psychedelics as a treatment for disorders of consciousness

This opinion paper (2019) proposes the use of psilocybin on patients with disorders of consciousness, since psilocybin can increase brain complexity, a possible indicator of conscious level.

Published
April 21, 2019
Journal
Neuroscience of Consciousness
Authors
Scott, G., Carhart-Harris, R. L.
Open Accessindividual

Might Microdosing Psychedelics Be Safe and Beneficial? An Initial Exploration

This diary study (n>100) investigates the safe and beneficial use of psychedelic microdosing (e.g. 10μg LSD) to improve positive moods by evaluating positive and negative emotional states using the PANAS checklist and written reports. The study showed that microdosers perceived improved health habits, increased energy, and improved work effectiveness. Furthermore, smaller samples demonstrated alleviation of symptoms in migraine headaches, traumatic brain injury, pre-menstrual syndromes (PMS), shingles, and other such conditions that have not been previously associated with psychedelic use.

Published
March 29, 2019
Journal
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
Authors
Fadiman, J., Korb, S.

Clinical Trials

4 trials
RecruitingPhase I

Psychedelic Healing: Adjunct Therapy Harnessing Opened Malleability (PHATHOM)

Open-label, randomised Phase I trial (n=20) assessing safety and tolerability of single 25 mg or split 12.5 mg+12.5 mg oral psilocybin in people with chronic stroke; secondary outcomes explore motor recovery.

Started
September 1, 2025
Type
interventional
Blinding
none
Randomized
Yes
Registry ID
NCT07053917
CompletedPhase NA

Evaluation of the Effect of a Single Dose of Psilocybin on Neural Correlates of Cognitive Control in Patients with Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (CRIPSY)

Open-label single-group interventional study (n=4) assessing a single 25 mg oral dose of psilocybin with MRI pre/post to evaluate neural correlates of cognitive control in patients with PNES.

Started
November 1, 2024
Type
interventional
Blinding
none
Randomized
No
Registry ID
NCT06647056
RecruitingPhase I

Treatment of Persistent Post-concussive Symptoms With Psilocybin Assisted Therapy (PatACT)

This randomised, quadruple-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n=40) will evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of psilocybin-assisted therapy in adults aged 18–65 with persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Participants will receive either a high dose (25mg) or a low dose (1mg) of psilocybin and undergo 5–6 weekly sessions of BrainACT, an adapted form of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for individuals with acquired brain injury.

Started
October 30, 2024
Type
interventional
Blinding
quadruple
Randomized
Yes
Registry ID
NCT06615908
Not yet recruitingPhase I/II

Efficacy and tolerability of psilocybin-assisted physiotherapy on motor symptoms in refractory Functional Neurological Disorder

Randomised parallel Phase I/II pilot (n=24) comparing a single 15 mg versus 25 mg oral psilocybin dose paired with physiotherapy for refractory motor FND to assess safety and preliminary efficacy.

Started
September 4, 2023
Type
interventional
Blinding
single
Randomized
Yes
Registry ID
ACTRN12621000578808

Explore further

Search all Psilocybin papers Search all Neurological Injury trials Full Psilocybin profile Full Neurological Injury profile