Depressive DisordersAlcohol Use Disorder (AUD)Substance Use Disorders (SUD)PsilocybinIbogaineAyahuascaKetamine

Tripping up addiction: the use of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of problematic drug and alcohol use

This review (2017) looks at the (preliminary) evidence that we have of psychedelics in the treatment of addictions (AUD, SUD). Trials with psilocybin, ibogaine, ayahuasca, ketamine (etc) are showing positive results, but randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are badly needed.

Authors

  • David Nutt
  • Celia Morgan
  • Will Lawn

Published

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences
meta Study

Abstract

Psychedelic drugs have been used as treatments in indigenous cultures for thousands of years. Yet, due to their legal status, there has been limited scientific research into the therapeutic potential of these compounds for psychiatric disorders. In the absence of other effective treatments however, researchers have begun again to systematically investigate such compounds and there is now evidence pointing to the use of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of addiction. In this review we focus on human evidence for the effectiveness of preparations used by indigenous cultures in the Amazon (ayahausca) and Africa (ibogaine) and worldwide (psilocybin), and more recently synthetised drugs such as the serotonergic hallucinogen LSD and the dissociative anaesthetic ketamine. Potential mechanisms explored are anti-depressant effects, changes in neuroplasticity and existential psychological effects of these drugs.

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Research Summary of 'Tripping up addiction: the use of psychedelic drugs in the treatment of problematic drug and alcohol use'

Introduction

Morgan and colleagues frame the paper around the apparent paradox that illicit psychedelic drugs might be used to treat the very addictions for which they are often controlled. They note historical and contemporary interest in several compounds — lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, ibogaine, ayahuasca and ketamine — and argue that growing neurobiological understanding has renewed interest in their therapeutic potential for problematic alcohol and drug use. The review sets out to synthesise available clinical and observational evidence for these compounds in treating substance-use disorders, to discuss plausible mechanisms (including antidepressant effects, stimulation of neuroplasticity and profound subjective ‘‘mystical’’ experiences) and to highlight gaps in the evidence base, particularly the need for randomised controlled trials and careful safety evaluation.

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Study Details

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On the need for metaphysics in psychedelic therapy and research

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