Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)Depressive DisordersImmunology & InflammationPsilocybinDMT

Natural Psychoplastogens As Antidepressant Agents

This review (2020) explored recent advances in natural psychoplastogens (psychedelics) as antidepressant agents. The study noted that these compounds are effective in rapid structural and functional rearrangement of neural systems by targeting mechanisms that were previously implicated in the development of depression. The study observed the evidence that they expend potent acute and long-term positive effects, beyond the treatment of psychiatric disorders with many of them being naturally occurring compounds, like psilocybin and DMT.

Authors

  • Benko, J.
  • Vranková, S.

Published

Molecules
meta Study

Abstract

Increasing prevalence and burden of major depressive disorder presents an unavoidable problem for psychiatry. Existing antidepressants exert their effect only after several weeks of continuous treatment. In addition, their serious side effects and ineffectiveness in one-third of patients call for urgent action. Recent advances have given rise to the concept of psychoplastogens. These compounds are capable of fast structural and functional rearrangement of neural networks by targeting mechanisms previously implicated in the development of depression. Furthermore, evidence shows that they exert a potent acute and long-term positive effects, reaching beyond the treatment of psychiatric diseases. Several of them are naturally occurring compounds, such as psilocybin, N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. Their pharmacology and effects in animal and human studies were discussed in this article.

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Research Summary of 'Natural Psychoplastogens As Antidepressant Agents'

Introduction

Depression is described as a common, disabling and rising global health problem for which existing antidepressants are imperfect: they typically require several weeks to produce benefit, have substantial side effects, and fail to help roughly one-third of patients. The extracted text frames multiple biological contributors to major depressive disorder (MDD), including monoamine dysregulation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivation, chronic low-grade inflammation and impaired neuroplasticity, and summarises how traditional antidepressants (TCAs, MAOIs, SSRIs) address some but not all of these mechanisms. Against this background, the paper introduces the concept of psychoplastogens — chemically diverse compounds that rapidly induce structural and functional neural plasticity and converge on downstream pathways such as TrkB and mTOR. Benko and colleagues set out to review naturally occurring psychoplastogens (notably serotonergic psychedelics such as psilocybin and DMT, and the flavone 7,8-dihydroxyflavone) with respect to their mechanisms, animal and human evidence, and potential therapeutic relevance for depression and related conditions.

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