Trial PaperAnxiety DisordersDepressive DisordersPalliative & End-of-Life DistressPsilocybin

Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer

In a randomized, double‑blind, crossover trial of 51 patients with life‑threatening cancer, a single high dose of psilocybin produced large, rapid and sustained reductions in clinician- and self-rated depression and anxiety and increased quality of life, meaning and optimism, with about 80% of participants showing clinically significant improvement at six months. The therapeutic effects were mediated by the intensity of mystical‑type experiences during the session and were corroborated by community observer ratings.

Authors

  • Roland Griffiths
  • Matthew Johnson

Published

Journal of Psychopharmacology
individual Study

Abstract

Cancer patients often develop chronic, clinically significant symptoms of depression and anxiety. Previous studies suggest that psilocybin may decrease depression and anxiety in cancer patients. The effects of psilocybin were studied in 51 cancer patients with life-threatening diagnoses and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. This randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial investigated the effects of a very low (placebo-like) dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) vs. a high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin administered in counterbalanced sequence with 5 weeks between sessions and a 6-month follow-up. Instructions to participants and staff minimized expectancy effects. Participants, staff, and community observers rated participant moods, attitudes, and behaviors throughout the study. High-dose psilocybin produced large decreases in clinician- and self-rated measures of depressed mood and anxiety, along with increases in quality of life, life meaning, and optimism, and decreases in death anxiety. At 6-month follow-up, these changes were sustained, with about 80% of participants continuing to show clinically significant decreases in depressed mood and anxiety. Participants attributed improvements in attitudes about life/self, mood, relationships, and spirituality to the high-dose experience, with >80% endorsing moderately or greater increased well-being/life satisfaction. Community observer ratings showed corresponding changes. Mystical-type psilocybin experience on session day mediated the effect of psilocybin dose on therapeutic outcomes.

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Research Summary of 'Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer'

Introduction

Cancer patients commonly develop chronic psychosocial distress characterised by depressed mood, anxiety, and reduced quality of life, with up to 40% meeting criteria for a mood disorder. Existing pharmacological treatments (antidepressants, benzodiazepines) have limited and mixed evidence in this population, and psychological interventions have produced small-to-moderate effects. Earlier uncontrolled and small controlled studies from the 1960s–70s, and more recent pilot work, have suggested that classic hallucinogens such as psilocybin may reduce psychological distress in patients with life‑threatening illness, but rigorous modern trials comparing active versus inactive conditions have been limited. Griffiths and colleagues designed a randomised, double‑blind, counterbalanced cross‑over trial to provide a more rigorous test of psilocybin's effects on depression, anxiety, and related measures in psychologically distressed cancer patients. The study compared a very low (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) versus a high (22 or 30 mg/70 kg) oral dose of psilocybin in 51 participants, with sessions separated by about 5 weeks and a 6‑month follow‑up. Procedures sought to minimise expectancy effects and to assess both clinician‑rated and self‑reported outcomes, observer ratings, and putative mediators such as mystical‑type experience.

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Study Details

References (15)

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Self-Care Practices with Psychedelics - A Qualitative Study of Users’ Perspectives

Soares, C. M., Leite, A., Pinto, M. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

Using a MDMA- and LSD-Group Therapy Model in Clinical Practice in Switzerland and Highlighting the Treatment of Trauma-Related Disorders

Oehen, P., Gasser, P. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022)

Therapeutic Alliance and Rapport Modulate Responses to Psilocybin Assisted Therapy for Depression

Murphy, R., Murphy-Beiner, A., Kettner, H. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)

162 cited
A Single Belief-Changing Psychedelic Experience Is Associated With Increased Attribution of Consciousness to Living and Non-living Entities

Nayak, S., Griffiths, R. R. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

37 cited
Psilocybin-Assisted Compassion Focused Therapy for Depression

Pots, W., Chakhssi, F. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

Language as a Window Into the Altered State of Consciousness Elicited by Psychedelic Drugs

Tagliazucchi, E. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)

Magic Mushroom Use: A Qualitative Interview Study of Post-Trip Impacts and Strategies for Optimizing Experiences

Shaw, L., Rea, K., Lachowsky, N. J. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

11 cited
Predictors and potentiators of psychedelic-occasioned mystical experiences

Gandy, S. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2022)

Towards psychedelic apprenticeship: Developing a gentle touch for the mediation and validation of psychedelic-induced insights and revelations

Timmermann, C., Watts, R., Dupuis, D. · Transcultural Psychiatry (2022)

95 cited
Effects of Naturalistic Psychedelic Use on Depression, Anxiety, and Well-Being: Associations With Patterns of Use, Reported Harms, and Transformative Mental States

Raison, C. L., Jain, R., Jain, S. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2022)

59 cited
Psilocybin-Induced Mystical-Type Experiences are Related to Persisting Positive Effects: A Quantitative and Qualitative Report

McCulloch, D. E-W., Madsen, M. K., Jensen, P. S. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)

79 cited
Virtual Reality as a Moderator of Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy

Sekula, A. D., Downey, L., Puspanathan, P. · Frontiers in Psychology (2022)

19 cited
Ayahuasca and tobacco smoking cessation: results from an online survey in Brazil

Maia, L. O., Massarentti, C. M., Tófoli, L.F. · Psychopharmacology (2022)

28 cited
Trajectory of Antidepressant Effects after Single- or Two-Dose Administration of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis

Yu, C. L., Liang, C. S., Yang, F. et al. · Journal of Clinical Medicine (2022)

Psychedelic use is associated with reduced daily opioid use among people who use illicit drugs in a Canadian setting

Argento, E., Socias, M. E., Hayashi, K. et al. · International Journal of Drug Policy (2022)

Evaluating the Potential Use of Serotonergic Psychedelics in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Markopoulos, A., Inserra, A., De Gregorio, D. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)

30 cited
Classic Psychedelic Drugs: Update on Biological Mechanisms

Vollenweider, F. X., Smallridge, J. W. · Pharmacopsychiatry (2022)

71 cited
Expert Opinion on Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for People with Psychotic Symptoms

La Torre, J. T., Mahammadli, M., Greenway, K. T. et al. · BMC Psychiatry (2022)

1 cited
Biochemical Mechanisms Underlying Psychedelic-Induced Neuroplasticity

Olson, D. E. · Biochemistry (2022)

95 cited
Human Cortical Serotonin 2A Receptor Occupancy by Psilocybin Measured Using [11C]MDL 100,907 Dynamic PET and a Resting-State fMRI-Based Brain Parcellation

Barrett, F. S., Zhou, Y., Carbonaro, T. M. et al. · Frontiers in Neuroergonomics (2022)

Knowledge, Perceptions, and Use of Psychedelics among Individuals with Fibromyalgia

Glynos, N. G., Pierce, J., Davis, A. K. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

The Psychedelic Renaissance in Clinical Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Three Decades of Human Studies with Classical Psychedelics

Hadar, A., David, J., Shalit, N. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

Exploring the Credibility of Psilocybin-assisted Therapy and Cognitive-behavioral Therapy for Depression

Altman, B. R., Earleywine, M., De Leo, J. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2022)

4 cited
Methodological challenges in psychedelic drug trials: Efficacy and safety of psilocybin in treatment-resistant major depression (EPIsoDE) - Rationale and study design

Mertens, L. J., Koslowski, M., Betzler, F. et al. · Neuroscience Applied (2022)

Effective Connectivity of LSD-induced Ego Dissolution

Stoliker, D., Novelli, L., Vollenweider, F. X. et al. · MedRvix (2021)

4 cited
The emerging science of microdosing: A systematic review of research on low dose psychedelics (1955 - 2021)

Polito, V., Liknaitzky, P. · Psyarxiv (2021)

Psychedelic Therapy's Transdiagnostic Effects: A Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Perspective

Dursun, S. M., Kelly, J. R., Gillan, C. M. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy for Substance Use Disorders and Potential Mechanisms of Action

Rieser, N. M., Herdener, M. ;., Preller, K. H. · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences (2021)

Models of psychedelic drug action: modulation of cortical-subcortical circuits

Doss, M. K., Madden, M. B., Gaddis, A. et al. · Brain (2021)

Toward a positive psychology of psychoactive drug use

Arnaud, K. O. S. · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy (2021)

Great Expectations: Recommendations for improving the methodological rigor of psychedelic clinical trials

Aday, J. S., Heifets, B. D., Pratscher, S. D. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

Psilocybin-assisted therapy for the treatment of resistant major depressive disorder (PsiDeR): protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled feasibility trial

Rucker, J., Jafari, H., Mantingh, T. et al. · BMJ Open (2021)

The readiness of psychiatrists to implement psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy

Page, L., Rehman, A., Syed, H. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

30 cited
A phase 1, dose-ranging study to assess safety and psychoactive effects of a vaporized 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine formulation (GH001) in healthy volunteers

Reckweg, J., Mason, N. L., van Leeuwen, C. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

Examining Psychedelic-Induced Changes in Social Functioning and Connectedness in a Naturalistic Online Sample Using the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Nygart, V., Pommerencke, L. M., Carhart-Harris, R. L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2021)

Psilocybin, a Naturally Occurring Indoleamine Compound, Could Be Useful to Prevent Suicidal Behaviors

Strumila, R., Guillaume, S. · Pharmaceuticals (2021)

Psychedelic experience dose-dependently modulated by cannabis: results of a prospective online survey

Kuc, J., Kettner, H., Rosas, F. E. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

Psychedelics as Novel Therapeutics in Alzheimer’s Disease: Rationale and Potential Mechanisms

Garcia-Romeu, A., Darcy, S., Jackson, H. et al. · Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences (2021)

From Psychiatry to Neurology: Psychedelics as Prospective Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Nichols, C. D., Wiatr, K., Figiel, M. et al. · Journal of Neurochemistry (2021)

63 cited
Communalistic use of psychoactive plants as a bridge between traditional healing practices and Western medicine: A new path for the Global Mental Health movement

Ona, G., Berrada, A., Bouso, J. C. · Transcultural Psychiatry (2021)

Day trip to hell: A mixed methods study of challenging psychedelic experiences

Johnstad, P. G. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2021)

43 cited
Persisting effects of ayahuasca on empathy, creative thinking, decentering, personality, and well-being

Kiraga, M. K., Mason, N. L., Uthaug, M. V. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

56 cited
Novel Treatment Approaches for Substance Use Disorders: Therapeutic Use of Psychedelics and the Role of Psychotherapy

Johnson, M. W., Gründer, G., Betzler, F. et al. · Current Addiction Reports (2021)

A Qualitative Exploration of Relational Ethical Challenges and Practices in Psychedelic Healing

Brennan, W., Jackson, M. A., MacLean, K. A. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2021)

34 cited
The effects of tryptamine psychedelics in the brain: a meta-analysis of functional and review of molecular imaging studies

Castelhano, J. M., Lima, G. M., Teixeira, M. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

Psilocybin-induced changes in brain network integrity and segregation correlate with plasma psilocin level and psychedelic experience

Madsen, M. K., Stenbaek, D. S., Arvidsson, A. et al. · European Neuropsychopharmacology (2021)

Spiritual experiences in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: Case reports of communion with the divine, the departed, and saints in research using psilocybin for the treatment of alcohol dependence

Podrebarac, S. K., O'donnell, K. C., Mennenga, S. E. et al. · Spirituality in Clinical Practice (2021)

Increases in Psychological Flexibility Mediate Relationship Between Acute Psychedelic Effects and Decreases in Racial Trauma Symptoms Among People of Color

Davis, A. K., Xin, Y., Sepeda, N. D. et al. · Chronic Stress (2021)

Cancer Healthcare Workers' Perceptions toward Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: A Preliminary Investigation

Reynolds, L. M, Stack, A., Akroyd, A., Sundram, F. et al. · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2021)

22 cited
Turn on, Tune in, and Drop out: Predictors of Attrition in a Prospective Observational Cohort Study on Psychedelic Use

Hübner, S., Haijen, E. C. H. M., Kaelen, M. et al. · Journal of Medical Internet Research (2021)

A Nationwide Study Comparing Mental Health Professionals' Willingness to Try Hallucinogenic Drugs in Basic Research or Clinical Practice

Ginati, Y. D., Ben-Sheetrit, J., Lev-Ran, S. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2021)

5 cited
Does psychedelic therapy have a transdiagnostic action and prophylactic potential?

Kočárová, C., Horacek, J., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

73 cited
Exploring the Use of Psilocybin Therapy for Existential Distress: A Qualitative Study of Palliative Care Provider Perceptions

Mayer, C. E., LeBaron, V. T., Acquaviva, K. D. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2021)

12 cited
LSD, madness and healing: Mystical experiences as possible link between psychosis model and therapy model

Wießner, I., Falchi, M., Palhano-Fontes, F. et al. · Psychological Medicine (2021)

LSD induces increased signalling entropy in rats' prefrontal cortex

Savino, A., Nichols, C. D. · Biorxiv (2021)

Psychedelics as a Training Experience for Psychedelic Therapists: Drawing on History to Inform Current Practice

Nielson, E. M. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2021)

Psilocybin and MDMA for the treatment of trauma-related psychopathology

Bird, C. I. V., Modlin, N. L., Rucker, J. · International Review of Psychiatry (2021)

Protocol for Outcome Evaluation of Ayahuasca-Assisted Addiction Treatment: The Case of Takiwasi Center

Rush, B., Marcus, O., García, S. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

19 cited
Exploring the relationship between microdosing, personality and emotional insight: A prospective study

Dressler, H. M., Bright, S. J., Polito, V. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2021)

Clinical and biological predictors of psychedelic response in the treatment of psychiatric and addictive disorders: a systematic review

Romeo, B., Hermand, M., Pétillion, A. et al. · Journal of Psychiatric Research (2021)

60 cited
Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder

Davis, A. K., Barrett, F. S., May, D. G. et al. · JAMA Psychiatry (2021)

1015 cited
Effects of ayahuasca and its alkaloids on substance use disorders: an updated (2016-2020) systematic review of preclinical and human studies

Rodrigues, L. S., Rossi, G. N., Rocha, J. M. et al. · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (2021)

Evaluating the Risk of Psilocybin for the Treatment of Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review of Published Case Studies

Gard, D. E., Pleet, M. M., Bradley, E. R. et al. · Journal of Affective Disorders (2021)

Psychedelic Communitas: Intersubjective experience during psychedelic group sessions predicts enduring changes in psychological wellbeing and social connectedness

Kettner, H., Rosas, F. E., Timmermann, C. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021)

157 cited
Naturalistic Use of Mescaline Is Associated with Self-Reported Psychiatric Improvements and Enduring Positive Life Changes

Agin-Liebes, G. I., Lancelotta, R., Uthaug, M. V. et al. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)

Acute and Sustained Reductions in Loss of Meaning and Suicidal Ideation Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy for Psychiatric and Existential Distress in Life-Threatening Cancer

Ross, E., Agin-Liebes, G. I., Zeifman, R. J. et al. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)

94 cited
Combining Psychedelic and Mindfulness Interventions: Synergies to Inform Clinical Practice

Payne, J. E., Chambers, R., Liknaitzky, P. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)

55 cited
On the Relationship between Classic Psychedelics and Suicidality: A Systematic Review

Zeifman, R. J., Singhal, N., Breslow, L. et al. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2021)

Development and Evaluation of a Therapist Training Program for Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Clinical Research

Nielson, E. M., Tai, S. J., Lennard-Jones, M. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2021)

75 cited
Trends in the Top-Cited Articles on Classic Psychedelics

Lawrence, D. W., Sharma, B., Griffiths, R. R. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2021)

LSD alters dynamic integration and segregation in the human brain

Luppi, A. I., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L. et al. · NeuroImage (2021)

141 cited
Lasting effects of a single psilocybin dose on resting-state functional connectivity in healthy individuals

McCulloch, D. E-W., Madsen, M. K., Stenbæk, D. S. et al. · Journal of Psychopharmacology (2021)

Classic serotonergic psychedelics for mood and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of mood disorder patients and healthy participants

Galvão-Coelho, N. L., Marx, W., Sinclair, J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2021)

Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Substituted Tryptamines in Rats

Gatch, M. B., Hoch, A., Carbonaro, T. M. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

8 cited
Set and Setting: A Randomized Study of Different Musical Genres in Supporting Psychedelic Therapy

Strickland, J. C., Garcia-Romeu, A., Johnson, M. W. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

Virtual Reality and Psychedelics for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disease: A Systematic Literature Review

Ortiz, M. I., Gómez-Busto, F. J. · Clinical Neuropsychiatry (2020)

The Subjective Effects of Psychedelics Are Necessary for Their Enduring Therapeutic Effects

Yaden, D. B., Griffiths, R. R. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

People of color in North America report improvements in racial trauma and mental health symptoms following psychedelic experiences

Williams, T. M., Davis, A. K., Xin, Y. et al. · Drugs Education Prevention and Policy (2020)

The Subjective Effects of Psychedelics May Not Be Necessary for Their Enduring Therapeutic Effects

Olson, D. E. · ACS Pharmacology and Translational Science (2020)

Effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on reinforcement learning in humans

Kanen, J. W., Luo, Q., Kandroodi, M. R. et al. · Psychological Medicine (2020)

The ritual use of ayahuasca during treatment of severe physical illnesses: a qualitative study

Maia, L. O., Daldegan-Bueno, D., Tófoli, L.F. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

21 cited
MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for treatment of anxiety and other psychological distress related to life-threatening illnesses: a randomized pilot study

Wolfson, P. E., Andries, J., Feduccia, A. A. et al. · Scientific Reports (2020)

99 cited
Psilocybin as a New Approach to Treat Depression and Anxiety in the Context of Life-Threatening Diseases-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Vargas, A. S., Luís, Â., Barroso, M. et al. · Biomedicines (2020)

Post-Psychedelic Reductions in Experiential Avoidance Are Associated With Decreases in Depression Severity and Suicidal Ideation

Zeifman, R. J., Wagner, A. C., Watts, R. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

82 cited
Direct Phosphorylation of Psilocin Enables Optimized cGMP Kilogram-Scale Manufacture of Psilocybin

Kargbo, R. B., Sherwood, A. R., Walker, A. et al. · ACS Omega (2020)

28 cited
Mystical Experiences in Retrospective Reports of First Times Using a Psychedelic in Finland

Kangaslampi, S., Hausen, A., Rauteenmaa, T. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

Compassionate use of psychedelics

Greif, A., Šurkala, M. · Medicine Health Care and Philosophy (2020)

Ethics and ego dissolution: the case of psilocybin

Smith, W. R., Sisti, D. · Journal of Medical Ethics (2020)

Chronic pain and psychedelics: a review and proposed mechanism of action

Castellanos, J. P., Woolley, C., Bruno, K. A. et al. · Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (2020)

101 cited
The Viability of Microdosing Psychedelics as a Strategy to Enhance Cognition and Well-being - An Early Review

Bornemann, J. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

Depression, Mindfulness, and Psilocybin: Possible Complementary Effects of Mindfulness Meditation and Psilocybin in the Treatment of Depression. A Review

Heuschkel, K., Kuypers, K. P. C. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

63 cited
Experience of Music Used With Psychedelic Therapy: A Rapid Review and Implications

O'callaghan, C., Hubik, D. J., Psychiatry, M. et al. · Journal of Music Therapy (2020)

Dissolving the self: Active inference, psychedelics, and ego-dissolution

Deane, G. · Philosophy and the Mind Sciences (2020)

Long-term effects of psychedelic drugs: A systematic review

Aday, J. S., Mitzkovitz, C. M., Bloesch, E. K. et al. · Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews (2020)

Use of Benefit Enhancement Strategies among 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) Users: Associations with Mystical, Challenging, and Enduring Effects

Lancelotta, R., Davis, A. K. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2020)

Natural Psychoplastogens As Antidepressant Agents

Benko, J., Vranková, S. · Molecules (2020)

Learning to Let Go: A Cognitive-Behavioral Model of How Psychedelic Therapy Promotes Acceptance

Wolff, M., Evens, R., Mertens, L. J. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2020)

Rostral Anterior Cingulate Thickness Predicts the Emotional Psilocybin Experience

Lewis, C. R., Preller, K. H., Braden, B. B. et al. · Biomedicines (2020)

24 cited
The experimental effects of psilocybin on symptoms of anxiety and depression: A meta-analysis

Goldberg, S. B., Pace, B. T., Nicholas, C. R. et al. · Psychiatry Research (2020)

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of low dose lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in healthy older volunteers

Family, N., Maillet, E. L., Williams, L. T. J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2019)

Modulation of Social Cognition via Hallucinogens and “Entactogens”.

Preller, K. H., Vollenweider, F. X. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2019)

The Impact of Ayahuasca on Suicidality: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Araújo, D. B., Zeifman, R. J., Palhano-Fontes, F. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2019)

96 cited
Characterization and prediction of acute and sustained response to psychedelic psilocybin in a mindfulness group retreat

Smigielski, L., Kometer, M., Scheidegger, M. et al. · Scientific Reports (2019)

126 cited
Self-Rated Effectiveness of Microdosing With Psychedelics for Mental and Physical Health Problems Among Microdosers

Hutten, N. P. W., Mason, N. L., Dolder, P. C. et al. · Frontiers in Psychiatry (2019)

Modulation of Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor by a Single Dose of Ayahuasca: Observation From a Randomized Controlled Trial

Galvão-Coelho, N. L., de Almeida, R. N., de Menezes Galvão, A. C. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2019)

Effects of acute and repeated treatment with serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist hallucinogens on intracranial self-stimulation in rats

Sakloth, F., Leggett, E., Moerke, M. J. et al. · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology (2019)

41 cited
Psychedelic drugs-a new era in psychiatry?

Nutt, D. J. · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (2019)

States and traits related to the quality and consequences of psychedelic experiences

Russ, S. L., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Maruyama, G. et al. · Psychology of Consciousness Theory Research and Practice (2019)

Sub-Acute Effects of Psilocybin on Empathy, Creative Thinking, and Subjective Well-Being

Mason, N. L., Mischler, E., Uthaug, M. V. et al. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2019)

136 cited
Trait Openness and serotonin 2A receptors in healthy volunteers: A positron emission tomography study

Stenbæk, D. S., Kristiansen, S., Burmester, D. et al. · Human Brain Mapping (2019)

9 cited
Microdosing psychedelics: personality, mental health, and creativity differences in microdosers

Anderson, T., Petranker, R., Rosenbaum, D. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2019)

142 cited
Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study

Barsuglia, J. P., Davis, A. K., Palmer, R. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

Psychiatry might need some psychedelic therapy

Johnson, M. W. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

The influence of therapists’ first-hand experience with psychedelics on psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy research and therapist training

Nielson, E. M., Guss, J. · Journal of Psychedelic Studies (2018)

Predicting responses to psychedelics: a prospective study

Haijen, E. C. H. M., Kaelen, M., Roseman, L. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

339 cited
A sub-set of psychoactive effects may be critical to the behavioral impact of ketamine on cocaine use disorder: results from a randomized, controlled laboratory study

Dakwar, E., Nunes, E. V., Hart, C. L. et al. · Neuropharmacology (2018)

72 cited
Changes in global and thalamic brain connectivity in LSD-induced altered states of consciousness are attributable to the 5-HT2A receptor

Preller, K. H., Burt, J. B., Adkinson, B. et al. · eLife (2018)

More realistic forecasting of future life events after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Lyons, T., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

49 cited
Awe: a putative mechanism underlying the effects of classic psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy

Hendricks, P. S. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

143 cited
Psychedelics, meditation, and self-consciousness

Milliere, R., Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

DMT models the near-death experience

Timmermann, C., Roseman, L., Williams, L. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2018)

Psychedelics as anti-inflammatory agents

Flanagan, T. W., Nichols, C. D. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

Therapeutic use of classic psychedelics to treat cancer-related psychiatric distress

Ross, S. · International Review of Psychiatry (2018)

Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Paradigm Shift in Psychiatric Research and Development

Schenberg, E. E. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Integrating Psychedelic Medicines and Psychiatry: Theory and Methods of a Model Clinic

Sloshower, J. A. · Plant Medicines Healing and Psychedelic Science (2018)

The Use of Salvia divinorum from a Mazatec Perspective

Maqueda, A. E. · Plant Medicines Healing and Psychedelic Science (2018)

Individual Experiences in Four Cancer Patients Following Psilocybin-Assisted Psychotherapy

Ross, S., Malone, T. C., Mennenga, S. E. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Unifying theories of psychedelic drug effects

Swanson, L. R. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Neuroendocrine Associations Underlying the Persistent Therapeutic Effects of Classic Serotonergic Psychedelics

Schindler, E. A. D., Wallace, R. M., Sloshower, J. A. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

The psychedelic debriefing in alcohol dependence treatment: illustrating key change phenomena through qualitative content analysis of clinical sessions

Kraehenmann, R., Nielson, E. M., May, D. G. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Clinical interpretations of patient experience in a trial of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for alcohol use disorder

Bogenschutz, M. P., Podrebarac, S. K., Duane, J. H. et al. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Powerful substances in tiny amounts An interview study of psychedelic microdosing

Johnstad, P. G. · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (2018)

121 cited
The hidden therapist: evidence for a central role of music in psychedelic therapy

Kaelen, M., Giribaldi, B., Raine, J. et al. · Psychopharmacology (2018)

213 cited
Quality of acute psychedelic experience predicts therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Roseman, L., Nutt, D. J., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Frontiers in Pharmacology (2018)

Psychiatry & the psychedelic drugs. Past, present & future

Rucker, J., Iliff, J., Nutt, D. J. · Neuropharmacology (2017)

Double-blind comparison of the two hallucinogens psilocybin and dextromethorphan: similarities and differences in subjective experiences

Carbonaro, T. M., Hurwitz, E., Johnson, M. W. · Psychopharmacology (2017)

102 cited
Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms

Carhart-Harris, R. L., Roseman, L., Bolstridge, M. et al. · Scientific Reports (2017)

Dreams and psychedelics: neurophenomenological comparison and therapeutic implications

Kraehenmann, R. · Current Neuropharmacology (2017)

68 cited
Qualitative and quantitative features of music reported to support peak mystical experiences during psychedelic therapy sessions

Slevc, L. R., Barrett, F. S., Robbins, H. et al. · Frontiers in Psychology (2017)

Developing Guidelines and Competencies for the Training of Psychedelic Therapists

Phelps, J. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2017)

Patients’ accounts of increased “Connectedness” and “Acceptance” after psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression

Watts, R., Day, C. M., Krzanowski, J. et al. · Journal of Humanistic Psychology (2017)

Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy: A Review of a Novel Treatment for Psychiatric Disorders

Thomas, K., Malcolm, B., Lastra, D. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2017)

Psychedelics, personality and political perspectives

Nour, M. R., Evans, J., Carhart-Harris, R. L. · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs (2017)

164 cited
The psychological and human brain effects of music in combination with psychedelic drugs

Kaelen, M. · Imperial College London (2017)

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