Anxiety DisordersPalliative & End-of-Life DistressHealthy VolunteersInterpersonal Functioning & Social ConnectednessDepressive DisordersLSD

LSD acutely impairs fear recognition and enhances emotional empathy and sociality

This double-blind placebo-controlled study (n=40) found that LSD (100-200 μg) enhanced emotional empathy and sociality, but decreased recognition of sad/fearful faces (fear cognition).

Authors

  • Yasmin Schmid
  • Stefan Borgwardt
  • Patrick Dolder

Published

Neuropsychopharmacology
individual Study

Abstract

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is used recreationally and has been evaluated as an adjunct to psychotherapy to treat anxiety in patients with life-threatening illness. LSD is well-known to induce perceptual alterations, but unknown is whether LSD alters emotional processing in ways that can support psychotherapy. We investigated the acute effects of LSD on emotional processing using the Face Emotion Recognition Task (FERT) and Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET). The effects of LSD on social behavior were tested using the Social Value Orientation (SVO) test. Two similar placebo-controlled, double-blind, random-order, crossover studies were conducted using 100 μg LSD in 24 subjects and 200 μg LSD in 16 subjects. All of the subjects were healthy and mostly hallucinogen-naive 25- to 65-year-old volunteers (20 men, 20 women). LSD produced feelings of happiness, trust, closeness to others, enhanced explicit and implicit emotional empathy on the MET, and impaired the recognition of sad and fearful faces on the FERT. LSD enhanced the participants’ desire to be with other people and increased their prosocial behavior on the SVO test. These effects of LSD on emotion processing and sociality may be useful for LSD-assisted psychotherapy.

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Research Summary of 'LSD acutely impairs fear recognition and enhances emotional empathy and sociality'

Introduction

Classic serotonergic psychedelics such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) were widely studied mid-20th century but clinical research has been scarce until recently. Modern trials with psychedelics and related compounds (psilocybin, MDMA) report reductions in anxiety and sustained positive changes in mood and behaviour after only a few administrations, and these effects have been hypothesised to stem from acute alterations in emotion processing, sociality, or a pronounced ‘peak’ or mystical-type experience. MDMA is described as an empathogen that increases positive feelings, empathy and prosociality, whereas LSD and psilocybin are 5-HT2A receptor agonists that produce psychedelic effects; both classes may therefore share or differ in acute effects on emotional processing relevant to psychotherapy. Dolder and colleagues set out to test whether LSD acutely alters emotion recognition, empathy, and prosocial behaviour in healthy volunteers. The study used validated laboratory tasks—the Face Emotion Recognition Task (FERT), the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), and the Social Value Orientation (SVO) test—together with subjective mood ratings, physiological measures and plasma drug levels. The authors hypothesised that LSD would impair recognition of negative emotions on the FERT, increase emotional empathy on the MET, and enhance prosociality on the SVO test.

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Study Details

References (21)

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