SuicidalityAnxiety DisordersPersonality & Trait FactorsPublic Health, Prevention & Behaviour Change

Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population

Pooled analysis of over 190,000 US adults (NSDUH 2008–2012) found lifetime classic psychedelic use was associated with reduced odds of past‑month psychological distress and past‑year suicidal thinking, planning and attempts, whereas illicit use of other drugs was generally linked to increased risk. These findings suggest classic psychedelics may hold promise for suicide prevention and warrant further clinical research and reconsideration of their highly restricted legal status.

Authors

  • Peter Hendricks
  • Matthew Johnson

Published

Journal of Psychopharmacology
individual Study

Abstract

Mental health problems are endemic across the globe, and suicide, a strong corollary of poor mental health, is a leading cause of death. Classic psychedelic use may occasion lasting improvements in mental health, but the effects of classic psychedelic use on suicidality are unknown. We evaluated the relationships of classic psychedelic use with psychological distress and suicidality among over 190,000 USA adult respondents pooled from the last five available years of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2008–2012) while controlling for a range of covariates. Lifetime classic psychedelic use was associated with a significantly reduced odds of past month psychological distress (weighted odds ratio (OR)=0.81 (0.72–0.91)), past year suicidal thinking (weighted OR=0.86 (0.78–0.94)), past year suicidal planning (weighted OR=0.71 (0.54–0.94)), and past year suicide attempt (weighted OR=0.64 (0.46–0.89)), whereas lifetime illicit use of other drugs was largely associated with an increased likelihood of these outcomes. These findings indicate that classic psychedelics may hold promise in the prevention of suicide, supporting the view that classic psychedelics’ most highly restricted legal status should be reconsidered to facilitate scientific study, and suggesting that more extensive clinical research with classic psychedelics is warranted.

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Research Summary of 'Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population'

Introduction

Hendricks and colleagues situate their study within a context of persistently high rates of mental illness and suicide worldwide and a recognised need for novel interventions targeting suicidality. Classic psychedelics (notably DMT, LSD, mescaline, and psilocybin) are described as serotonergic 5-HT2A agonists with a long history of sacramental and therapeutic use and a recent resurgence of clinical research suggesting potential benefits for mood, anxiety, and substance misuse. The authors outline neurobiological and psychological mechanisms by which psychedelics might reduce suicide risk, including modulation of 5-HT2A receptors, promotion of neuroplasticity, normalisation of default mode network activity, increases in personality openness and spirituality, and capacity to aid processing of traumatic memories. The paper sets out to test whether lifetime use of classic psychedelics is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality at the population level. Using pooled data from five years of the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH; 2008–2012), the investigators hypothesised that lifetime classic psychedelic use would be linked to lower odds of past month psychological distress and lower odds of past year suicidal thinking, planning, and attempts. They argue that, given regulatory barriers to experimental research, large-scale survey data provide a pragmatic avenue to examine these associations in real-world settings.

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Study Details

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1174 cited
Ego-dissolution and psychedelics: validation of the ego-dissolution inventory (EDI)

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292 cited
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The paradoxical psychological effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)

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253 cited
Psychedelic medicine: a re-emerging therapeutic paradigm

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84 cited

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Classic psychedelic use is associated with... — Research Summary & Context | Blossom